Intelligent full window system design

Design of Intelligent Fully Opening Window Based on Single Chip Microcomputer

Today, technology is advancing rapidly. A large number of modern high-tech represented by artificial intelligence, microelectronics semiconductor technology, aerospace, biology, new energy, etc. are flourishing. The development of science and technology has brought great convenience to people, but windows have not undergone fundamental progress in this era of change. If there is a multifunctional smart window, designed with technical means, the traditional smart window can realize intelligent functions such as remote opening and closing of the window, active opening of the window in fire, and closing of the window in rainy days. In addition, the window has the characteristics of simple structure, strong applicability, and complete functions, which is very in line with the requirements of modern smart homes and has broad market application prospects.

1. Functional characteristics of multifunctional smart windows

1.1 Monitoring of dangerous situations: The window system will monitor the content of various gases in the room 24 hours a day. When the concentration of combustible gas or a specific gas reaches a pre-designed value, the window will automatically open to ventilate the outside. If the gas concentration returns to normal levels, the windows will automatically close.

1.2 Close the window in rainy days: When the window is opened, the window system will start monitoring the rainy weather. Once the rainfall reaches a certain value and will affect the interior, the windows will be closed automatically.

1.3 Remote control: The window system has a built-in Bluetooth communication module, as long as the remote control is used, the window can be controlled remotely. In addition, the windows can also be controlled by voice, as long as specific voice sentences are spoken, the opening/closing function can be realized after the windows are recognized.

1.4 Adjust the temperature: The window system monitors the indoor temperature. When the temperature is too high, the window will automatically open and close when the temperature returns to the normal level.

1.5 Automatic locking: The window has a built-in electromagnetic lock structure to realize the automatic locking function.

1.6 Switching between mechanical and electronic operation: In order to prevent the window from being unable to work due to a power failure, the window can be switched to a manual operation mode by simply pressing a button.

1.7 The window has an anti-theft function: after opening, if someone enters through the window, the window can be monitored and an alarm sound will be issued immediately.

2. Mechanical Design of Intelligent Fully Opening Window System

2.1 Fully open window structure

This smart window has changed the opening and closing method of traditional windows in the past, and adopts a "full window" structure to maximize the use of space. After calculation, the opening rate of this structure is as high as 94.5% (the maximum opening space of conventional sliding windows is only 45%). The outer frame of the window adopts an aluminum alloy structure, and its division flexibility is relatively large, and it can be made into a variety of facade effects. People can refit this type of window and apply it to various occasions.

2.2 Internal mechanical drive

The multi-functional smart home full-opening window is equipped with various high-sensitivity sensors, such as smoke sensors, raindrop sensors, etc. On this basis, it can sense changes in the external environment, and then through the circuit, the motor starts to work. After the motor works, it drives the internal mechanical structure of the window to run with each other, thus realizing a series of functions such as automatic window closing in rainy days and automatic window opening in sunny days. The synchronous belt is driven by a high-torque motor wheel set, and a fixed clip is installed on the synchronous belt. The fixed clip is connected with the bottom window base, so that the left and right translation and sliding of the window can be realized. At the same time, the inertia of the window movement and the power on and off of the electromagnet are used to realize automatic locking.

In the process of opening and closing the windows, the problem of "dead spot" will be encountered. After the window is closed, the two sashes are in the same straight line, and at this moment the dead point problem of the mechanism has just occurred. If you energize the motor in this condition, no amount of torque will open the window, and you'll just burn out the motor. In response to such situations, people add two springs between the two windows for "energy storage" to ensure that the windows still maintain a certain power after they are closed. When the window is opened, it can be made not on the same straight line, forming a small angle, so that the window can be opened and closed smoothly.

3. Circuit Design of Intelligent Fully Opening Window System

3.1 Overall Design

The system is controlled based on the STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer. As a system controller, it has the characteristics of low power consumption, small size, large storage capacity, and easy realization of hardware functions.

3.2 Motor drive module design

The smart window is a variety of external environment change sensing control circuits composed of stepping motors, STC89C52 chips, operational amplifiers, logic gate chips, various sensitive resistors, and remote controls to realize the intelligent opening and closing of stepping motors, thereby simply realizing the window automation.

3.3 Temperature and humidity detection module design

This smart window takes single-chip microcomputer as the core, and uses temperature and humidity sensor DHT11 to design a detection system for ambient temperature and humidity. DHT11 is a temperature and humidity composite sensor with calibrated digital signal output. It applies special digital signal module acquisition technology and advanced temperature sensing technology, has high reliability and excellent long-term stability, and is widely used in laboratories, industries, environmental protection, sanitation and epidemic prevention, storage and transportation, greenhouses and other fields. Temperature measurement range: 0～50℃; Humidity measurement range:

20%～90%RH. DHT11 has a data line, a power line, a ground line, and one (NC) floating. Directly connect the power line to the power supply VCC of the single-chip microcomputer, and connect the ground line to the GND of the single-chip microcomputer. The data line DATA is connected to the P1.0 port of the microcontroller, plus a 5kΩ pull-up resistor. The required temperature and humidity data is sent to the microcontroller through the DATA pin through P1.0, and the corresponding temperature and humidity data is obtained after corresponding processing in the microcontroller. After using this sensor, when the indoor temperature is too high, the smart window will automatically open to adjust the indoor temperature. Make the indoor environment comfortable and comfortable.

3.4 Raindrop sensing module design

Raindrop sensors have been used in cars in the past to control the speed of the wipers. The raindrop sensor is used to detect whether it is raining or the size of the raindrops. The raindrop sensor can work under the specified working conditions of the program design. The author innovatively applies the CCD camera raindrop sensor to this smart window, so that the system can detect rainy weather, so as to achieve the function of closing the window in rainy days. The sensor is installed in the protruding position of the window triangle, and can receive raindrops when it just rains. When the sensor receives raindrops, it sends a signal to connect the controller, and the controller makes the actuator act to close the doors and windows.

3.5 Smoke sensing module design

The window is equipped with a soot sensor. When a certain concentration of gas in the room is detected to be dangerous to the human body, the alarm will sound, and at the same time, a signal will be transmitted to the circuit to realize automatic window opening. The smoke sensor is a gas sensor, which is a gas-electric converter, which converts the content (ie concentration) of flammable gas in the air into a voltage or current signal, and converts the analog quantity into a digital quantity through the A/D conversion circuit and then sends it to the single-chip microcomputer, and then the single-chip microcomputer completes the work of data processing, concentration processing and alarm control. This sensor has high sensitivity. When an abnormal gas concentration is detected, the window will be closed, and it will not be reopened until the smoke returns to the normal range.

4. Software Design of Intelligent Fully Opening Window System

The control unit of this intelligent window control system selects STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer, which is a low-power consumption, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller of ATMEL Company, with 8kΩ system programmable Flash memory. The system uses Keil as the programming software and C language as the programming language.

The external and indoor environmental conditions are detected by various sensors, and the corresponding opening and closing actions are judged by the single-chip microcomputer. After the power is turned on, each sensor is initialized and starts to detect various parameters of the environment. When the value reaches the set value, it starts to act. The highest priority is set in the program to manually open and close windows, and the automatic operation of all windows can be stopped manually, which fully reflects the humanized design, and the will of people is the top priority. The second priority is to prevent gas leakage. When gas leakage is detected, the motor will turn to open the window and give a voice alarm to ventilate in time. Thereafter, according to the importance of more sensors, they are prioritized sequentially.

epilogue

The structure design of this intelligent window is ingenious, and it integrates various sensors such as temperature, humidity and smoke. High degree of mechanical and electrical integration, high reliability and strong stability. After its integration, the degree of intelligence is very high, and the concept of humanization is strong. It is easy to manufacture and install, and has a wide range of applications. It is suitable for introduction to high-end residences, hotels, schools and other scenarios, and has very broad application prospects.

The above are the details of the intelligent full-opening window design based on the single-chip microcomputer introduced by Shenzhen Zuchuang Microelectronics Co., Ltd. for you. We have rich experience in customized development of smart electronic products, can evaluate the development cycle and IC price as soon as possible, and can also calculate the PCBA quotation. We are the agent of Sonix MCU and Yingguang MCU agent, selling and developing MCU and voice IC solutions of Sonix and Yingguang. We act as an agent and develop ICs and solutions of Jieli, Ankai, Quanzhi, realtek and other series, and also develop BLE Bluetooth IC, dual-mode Bluetooth module, wifi module, and Internet of Things module. We have hardware design and software development capabilities. Covering circuit design, PCB design, single-chip microcomputer development, software custom development, APP custom development, WeChat official account development, voice recognition technology, Bluetooth development, wifi technology, etc. It can also undertake the research and development of smart electronic products, the design of household appliances, the development of beauty equipment, the development of Internet of Things applications, the design of smart home solutions, the development of TWS earphones, the development of Bluetooth earphone speakers, the development of children's toys, and the development of electronic education products.