Pet Smart Collar MCU

Pet smart collar design based on STM32 microcontroller

In recent years, more and more people keep pets, and the corresponding incidents of pet biting emerge in endlessly. However, no one claims the biting pets, and giving pets an "ID card" has become an urgent matter to be solved. Like an ID card, an electronic tag is designed for the pet, and a "name" is given to the pet with RFID technology.

1. Pet smart collar design

The functional modules we need include positioning module, electronic label module, sensor module, and communication module. Since there are many serial ports involved, we use the STM32 single-chip microcomputer with relatively powerful performance as the control core.

There are three mainstream short-range wireless communications, namely wifi technology, zigbee technology and bluetooth technology. We need to choose the required communication module. Smart collars are worn by pets and must be worn continuously, so the communication technology we need is low power consumption. When the pet exceeds a certain distance from the owner, we hope to trigger the recall function through the weakening of the communication module signal. Therefore, the communication range does not need to be too large. After clarifying the design requirements, let's look at the characteristics of the three communication technologies. WiFi technology, WIFI is currently the most widely used wireless communication technology, the transmission distance is 100-300M, the rate can reach 300Mbps, and the power consumption is 10-50mA. Zigbee technology, the transmission distance is 50-300M, the rate is 250kbps, and the power consumption is 5mA. The biggest advantage is that it can self-organize the network. The powerful networking capability is incomparable to other technologies. The maximum number of network nodes can theoretically reach 65535. Bluetooth (Bluetooth) technology, the transmission distance is 2-30M, the rate is 1Mbps, and the power consumption is between zigbee and WIFI. Bluetooth technology is committed to enabling all mobile or non-mobile devices that support this technology to easily establish network connections, voice and data communications within a space of 10 to 100 m. In terms of power consumption, we exclude WiFi, and zigbee's powerful networking capabilities cannot be reflected in this design, while Bluetooth's low power consumption and limited communication distance just meet our design requirements.

2. Design of each module of pet smart collar

2.1 STM32 microcontroller system design

Because I have not systematically studied single-chip microcomputers, but I know that single-chip microcomputers are microcontrollers, which are integrated circuit chips. I/O port and interrupt system, timer/timer and other functions (may also include display driver circuit, pulse width modulation circuit, analog multiplexer, A/D converter and other circuits) integrated on a single silicon chip A small but perfect microcomputer system, widely used in the field of industrial control. The smallest system of single-chip microcomputer uses STM32F103 as the control core, and STM32F103 is an ARM with ultra-low power consumption. The Cortex-M3 processor core has the advantages of high performance, low cost, and low power consumption. The maximum operating frequency can reach 72MHz. The on-chip 512KB Flash memory STM32F103 has five serial ports. Since there are many serial ports involved in this project, the performance of STM32 is also relatively powerful, which is especially suitable for the control of smart pet wearable devices.

2.2 Design of Bluetooth module

When I found the use of STM32 MCU as my minimum control system in the literature, the Bluetooth module used by the STM32 MCU in the literature is HC-06, but there is no complete introduction to HC-06, so I found on the Internet using HC-05 Bluetooth The design that the module is connected with the one-chip computer. The HC-05 master-slave integrated Bluetooth serial port module adopts the BlueCore4 series chip of the British CSR company, which complies with the Bluetooth 2.0+EDR specification, and can be paired with intelligent terminals such as computers, Bluetooth hosts and mobile phones with the same Bluetooth function. The HC05 Bluetooth module communicates with STM32 through the serial port to complete the sending and receiving of data. Use USART2 on the STM32 board to communicate with the Bluetooth module.

2.3 Electronic label design

Electronic tags are also called radio frequency tags, transponders, and data carriers; readers are also called readout devices, scanners, reading heads, communicators, and readers (depending on whether the electronic tags can rewrite data wirelessly). The spatial (non-contact) coupling of radio frequency signals is realized through the coupling element between the electronic tag and the reader; in the coupling channel, energy transmission and data exchange are realized according to the timing relationship.

2.4 GPS module

GPS positioning belongs to outdoor positioning, just in line with the habit of pets running around outside. GPS uses a network of 24 artificial satellites to triangulate the position of the receiver and provide latitude and longitude coordinates to achieve accurate positioning. However, the position of GPS positioning needs to be in the place where artificial satellites or orbits can be seen, so it is only used for outdoor positioning. It is a positioning technology that combines GPS technology, image processing technology, wireless communication technology and GIS technology, and can realize tracking and positioning, track playback, map making, mileage statistics, vehicle information management, monitoring and dispatching, SMS notification, voice prompt and alarm and other functions. In this device, after the STM32 microcontroller receives the requested GPS positioning information, it will communicate with the GPS module through the serial port. After the GPS module locates and obtains the positioning information, it will send the positioning message to the STM32 through the serial port. After the STM32 receives the data, it will pass the data through the serial port. Forward to the GSM module, and finally the GSM module sends the data to the user's mobile phone or the STM32 forwards the data to the Bluetooth module, and the data is sent to the user's client through the Bluetooth module, and the accurate location information of the device can be obtained.

Summarize

The pet smart collar designed in this design should be able to realize the functions of tracking and positioning, electronic pet ID card, temperature detection, detection of abnormal calls and music (owner's voice) comfort, and call back (voice) pets. After clarifying the requirements of this design, I can choose the appropriate equipment module to meet my design requirements. Position tracking can use positioning module and GPS positioning; electronic pet certificate can use RFID technology to realize the status writing of pets (name, owner's phone number, age and vaccination status); temperature detection, detection of abnormal calls and music (or owner Sound) pacification function can be implemented with multiple sensors. When the pet’s barking frequency reaches a certain limit value, the speaker will be activated to play the owner’s recording to appease and notify the owner, so a communication module is also needed; when the pet runs out more than After a certain range and a certain period of time, the speaker will also be triggered to play the recall recording. The owner can perform various operations and obtain information through the Bluetooth connection on the terminal device.

The above is the pet smart collar design technology introduced by Shenzhen Zuchuang Microelectronics Co., Ltd. for you. We have rich experience in customized development of smart electronic products, can evaluate the development cycle and IC price as soon as possible, and can also calculate the PCBA quotation. We are the agent of Sonix MCU and Yingguang MCU agent, selling and developing MCU and voice IC solutions of Sonix and Yingguang. We act as an agent and develop ICs and solutions of Jieli, Ankai, Quanzhi, realtek and other series, and also develop BLE Bluetooth IC, dual-mode Bluetooth module, wifi module, and Internet of Things module. We have hardware design and software development capabilities. Covering circuit design, PCB design, single-chip microcomputer development, software custom development, APP custom development, WeChat official account development, voice recognition technology, Bluetooth development, wifi technology, etc. It can also undertake the research and development of smart electronic products, the design of household appliances, the development of beauty equipment, the development of Internet of Things applications, the design of smart home solutions, the development of TWS earphones, the development of Bluetooth earphone speakers, the development of children's toys, and the development of electronic education products.