Intelligent fire protection system hardware development and design

The intelligent fire protection system is with the rapid development of social economy, the increase of the building floor and the increase of building density in modern cities in our country, which makes the probability of fire more and more frequent, and the pressure affects people's personal safety and property safety. According to According to the survey data, most of the fire accidents were not discovered in time in the early stage, and the best time to put out the fire was missed, which led to a series of tragedies. In order to ensure the safety of people's lives and properties and promote the harmonious development of society, it is necessary to design an automatic fire alarm system and fire protection system with good real-time performance and high reliability.

1. Design principle of intelligent fire protection system

Because the traditional fire detection and alarm system lacks flexible networking interfaces, its monitoring capacity is relatively small, the corresponding speed is relatively slow, the man-machine interface is relatively simple, and its reliability is poor, especially in some large-scale engineering constructions, it often occurs The phenomenon of false positives and false negatives has a relatively high probability of failure, and the system cannot withstand greater work pressure, and is often in a state of paralysis, which can no longer meet the needs of current social development and the requirements of practical applications.

In recent years, with the advancement of information technology and the gradual development and maturity of wireless sensor network technology, the advantages of wireless fire alarm system have become increasingly obvious, and its application range has become wider and wider. This new type of intelligent fire protection system hardware introduced in this paper is a wireless intelligent fire monitoring and alarm system developed and researched on this basis. It has flexible networking, low power consumption, short delay, low cost and system composition. Simple and other characteristics, the combination of intelligent fire protection system algorithm and wireless sensor network makes it have the ability of pre-alarm, which effectively improves the reliability of fire alarm.

2. Development requirements and system structure of wireless fire protection system

The hardware requirements of the new intelligent fire protection system mainly include the following four points: First, the sensor node should have the function of collecting basic parameters of the building, and its parameters mainly include: acceleration, light intensity, temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, fire scene map and smoke, etc. Its control can modify the priority of uploading parameters; secondly, by measuring the parameters of sensor nodes, it can locate the ignition point, firefighters and trapped people in the fire scene; thirdly, when a fire occurs, once the sensor detects the fire, it will It can timely notify all residents in the building through some alarm equipment such as building broadcast and alarm, or notify some users who are not present through GSM; fourthly, the system should have the function of wireless real-time video transmission, even if a fire occurs, the system can still work normally.

Modern buildings generally have the characteristics of complex internal structures, high floors, and large human traffic. Therefore, on the basis of the ZigBee protocol in this system, the sensor network is used as a data acquisition module. In the 2.4GHz frequency band, the wireless capabilities of its nodes are compared. Well, the outdoor single hop can transmit 100m and can penetrate 2 walls. At the same time, through the control and communication with various fire processing systems, the system regards the fire processing unit as a fire processing module, and finally constitutes the physical layer of the system through the fire processing module and data acquisition module, that is, the composition of the main hardware of the system.

The wireless intelligent fire monitoring system is mainly composed of a wireless camera monitoring node, a wireless wifi camera real-time monitoring system, a wireless fire monitoring node, a desktop temperature and humidity display terminal, an active RFID positioning node, a background system and a Base node. The core component of the system is the wireless fire monitoring system, which is mainly used to collect, acquire and manage fire data and information, monitor fire alarms in real time, and make corresponding alarm judgments; while the active RFID positioning node system is mainly used to When a fire occurs, locate firefighters or mark items; the wireless camera monitoring node system is mainly responsible for sending back the scene image in real time when the fire alarm is triggered, and can still work for more than 10 hours after the power supply is cut off. The desktop temperature and humidity display terminal is an auxiliary system of the system, which is mainly responsible for real-time monitoring and display of the temperature and humidity of the indoor desktop environment; the wireless wifi camera real-time monitoring system is for real-time monitoring and recording of the public environment; the background system is mainly used for Processing and management of various data, maintaining the normal operation of the system, enabling the operation of intelligent algorithms, remote access to the Web, and in various emergencies, through the activation of the fire prevention plan and the connection of GSM, the relevant personnel and firefighters are notified command center.

Through the above analysis, according to different functions, the system can be divided into Wifi camera module, fire sensor node module, base station function module, desktop temperature and humidity sensor node module, active RF1D node. The functions of different nodes are mainly through the programming of each module Through the cooperation between these five modules, most of the parameters in the building are collected in place. In the wireless fire protection network, each module is its core content, and its underlying routing protocol is the ZigBee protocol. After the fire alarm controller receives the fire alarm from the automatic fire alarm equipment, it transmits its information to the monitoring and management center within 10s. The fire alarm situation is judged by the intelligent algorithm, and then the corresponding decision is made through the verification of the on-duty personnel.

3. Experimental test of intelligent fire protection system

Through actual research and development and debugging, the system has built the basic framework of the wireless fire system data acquisition module in the laboratory, in which the fire sensor nodes basically cover the two laboratories and various areas of the corridor, while the fire camera nodes are distributed At the entrance of the laboratory and where the whole laboratory can be observed.

Through manual experiments and tests, the fire camera nodes at the entrances of the two laboratories are combined with the smoke alarm nodes. When the smoke detector detects smoke around the entrances, the camera nodes will be turned on immediately, and it will be clear whether there is a fire around. To grasp the abnormal situation on site in time, the Base node finally summarizes the data, and puts it on the server in the main control room of the laboratory through the communication port of the host computer, so as to accurately collect various data from the entire system.

4. Technical advantages of intelligent fire protection system

The characteristics and technical advantages of this system mainly include the following points: First, compared with the traditional fire monitoring and alarm system, the system has no wiring difficulties and is easy to place. At the same time, in the event of a fire, the monitoring will not fail due to power interruption. It can still work for several hours after power failure, and can send back the fire scene image in time, and its power consumption is low. Second, the real-time positioning of the active RF1D can better guide fire rescue work, monitor multi-source information, and simultaneously monitor various information such as illumination, three-dimensional acceleration, temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, smoke concentration, etc., so as to comprehensively judge the fire hazard. Condition. Third, it has strong dissemination ability, relatively fast reflection speed, strong background processing ability and database management function, and can effectively analyze and record various fire alarm data information, providing corresponding basis for the standardized and scientific management of fire alarm system , with access control function of remote web interface, function of diagnosing system health, function of planning escape route and function of early warning and forecasting, etc. When a dangerous situation occurs, it can automatically and actively alarm, and directly connect to the fire department through the GSM module. In addition, function upgrades are more convenient. For the development of new algorithms and their new functions, it is only necessary to flash the firmware of its nodes.

Summarize

To sum up, this paper specifically elaborates on the development of wireless fire protection system hardware. According to the requirements of the system, on the basis of wireless sensor technology, it specifically divides the various parts of the wireless fire protection system hardware, and proposes a related experimental platform. , summarizing its superiority. The system can effectively change the traditional fire protection system's low efficiency, easy failure, and difficult layout, so that the speed and accuracy of fire alarm acceptance can be improved. Make correct and reasonable decisions, effectively carry out guidance and rescue work, and ensure the safety of people's lives and property to the greatest extent.

The above is the development example of the intelligent fire protection system introduced by Shenzhen Zuchuang Microelectronics Co., Ltd. for you. If you have an intelligent solution system solution development needs, you can trust us. We represent a variety of single-chip microcomputers, voice chips, dual-mode Bluetooth ICs, and wifi chips. Brands include Songhan MCU, Yingguang MCU, Jerry Bluetooth, Ankai Bluetooth, Allwinner, and Realtek. Our technical services include: PCB design, microcontroller development, Bluetooth solutions, software and hardware custom development, APP development, small program development, WeChat official account development, etc. It can also undertake the design of intelligent electronic products, the development of living appliances, the research and development of beauty equipment, the application of Internet of things platform, the smart home control system, the development of TWS earphones, Bluetooth earphone speakers, the development of children's educational toys, the design of electronic education products, etc.