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WIFI smart car solution
Smart devices will occupy many aspects of human life in the future. The development of smart cars in foreign countries is ahead, while my country is slightly behind. Research on this aspect is urgent. This time, we choose a smart car controlled by a single-chip microcomputer to design and conduct research to cooperate with my country's scientific research work on smart cars.
1. A brief introduction to the MCU
In the design process, control the smart car and receive information from computers or other smart devices. The following is a brief introduction to the microcontroller:
(1) The nature of the microcontroller. A single-chip microcomputer is a microcomputer. On a physical level, it is a chip. Single-chip microcomputer includes central processing unit, memory, interrupt system, counter and other functions. From the 4-bit single-chip microcomputer that appeared in 1980, it has made great progress until now, and there are already 300M high-speed single-chip.
(2) The application field of single-chip microcomputer. Single-chip microcomputer is divided into the following three application directions according to the type: general-purpose single-chip microcomputer is a control circuit that can satisfy most products; bus-type single-chip microcomputer has many pins around a chip, which greatly saves the volume of single-chip microcomputer system; control type Most single-chip microcomputers are dedicated and strong, and the pins and interfaces are relatively concentrated. Of course, a single chip may satisfy the above two application fields or multiple application fields.
(3) The characteristics of single-chip microcomputer. Single-chip microcomputer has the following characteristics: strong reliability, long continuous working time; simple structure, low requirements for operators; fast data processing speed; low working voltage, low energy consumption; low requirements for working environment. Due to the above excellent characteristics, single-chip microcomputers are widely used in fields such as smart cards, smart home appliances, smart cars, and cameras.
(4) Working conditions of the single-chip microcomputer. The working conditions of the single chip microcomputer are mainly divided into the following three: power supply, reset and clock crystal oscillator. When the single-chip microcomputer fails, it is necessary to check these three conditions, and then check the inside of the single-chip microcomputer after eliminating the working conditions.
2. Design requirements of smart car
Because the design of the smart car is mainly a research on the field of smart cars, this study does not consider factors that affect users' purchases such as its cost performance and aesthetics for the time being, and mainly considers the rationality of its structure. In terms of structure, it is mainly composed of three modules, namely the main control module, the driving movement module and the obstacle avoidance module. The main control module is mainly responsible for the selection of the driving route of the smart car, and input electrical signals to the control system of the car; the driving module is mainly responsible for the fast stop and fast start of the car to adjust and control; the obstacle avoidance module uses sensors to acquire and transmit the driving environment, Then, the computer software is used to calculate and issue commands to avoid obstacles, which is the core of the smart car system. Among them, the controller is extremely important in terms of hardware, and the rationality of software design includes two parts: program and design.
In terms of software design, it is mainly composed of main program, driving interruption program, driver program and speed adjustment program. The software controls the hardware to realize information monitoring, collection and transmission, analysis and control of the external environment and the car itself. The principle of software design is to transmit the information detected by the sensor using infrared rays and sound waves, and the single-chip microcomputer performs calculations after receiving the information. In this process, information transmission functions such as Bluetooth and WIFI are needed. This design mainly uses WIFI. Function. In the driving circuit, pay attention to setting an external resistor, which is used to detect the change of the power transmission and transmit the data information to the control terminal. In this way, even if the voltage is low, the WIFI smart car can also run. Take care to minimize interference from other signals, which requires two control points. In terms of software, it is necessary to use open-source operations to strengthen information exchange and interoperability to achieve complete and accurate information transmission.
3. Design scheme of smart car
3.1 System structure
The router receives instructions from the computer and other terminal equipment, and transmits the video signal collected by the camera to the computer terminal equipment; the minimum system of the single-chip microcomputer is the control center of the smart car, and the coordinated work of the control module; the driving circuit of the driving motor to rotate the motor can make the motor Turn and reverse, so that the car body can move forward, backward, and turn; the role of the motor makes the whole car body move; the level conversion circuit is the output of the 3.3V serial router, which can be converted into a single-chip microcomputer to determine the high and low levels. ; The function of the power supply circuit is to supply power to the whole car system, the steering gear is made into a pan-tilt, and then a camera is installed to make the camera realizable. The main program block diagram Fig.1.
3.2 The working principle of the whole machine
The computer terminal is connected to the router through the WIFI wireless network, and then sends control commands and data to the router through the computer application software. The receiving router sends data through the serial port software, and the serial port of the router 89C52 MCU receives commands and data through the serial port. The video signal is sent to the computer terminal through the camera, and the video signal collected by the camera is displayed in the application software.
3.3 Working principle of the camera
The working principle of the camera is roughly: the optical image of the scene through the lens (Lens) is generated and projected onto the surface of the image sensor, and then converted into an electrical signal and converted into a digital image signal by A/D (ADC), and then sent to the digital signal processor (DSP) ) processing, and then process the computer through the USB interface, you can see the image through the monitor. Here we connect the camera to the USB interface of the router, make the camera work through the camera driver software on the router, and send the WIFI video signal through the router. The computer receives the video signal and then displays the image through the control software interface.
4. Design content of smart car
When designing, it is mainly divided into the following aspects:
(1) Power control design. Its working voltage is high, up to 50V or more, and its power is also relatively high, generally up to 30w. This requires sufficient voltage for the pneumatic control system, so we choose two high-voltage bridge drivers.
(2) Power supply design. In addition to providing voltage for the power system, the power supply also needs to provide power for the signal receiving system and signal transmission system. The power supply line is divided into positive voltage and negative voltage. It should also be noted that the voltage of the power supply should be stable. In addition to choosing a good power supply, you can add a micro-transformer to stabilize the voltage.
(3) Sensor design. In the collection of external information and the running data of the car itself, infrared cameras are mainly used. The camera collects image information, processes it into computer language information through a single-chip microcomputer, and transmits it to the computer through WIFI for processing and calculation, and then transmits the processed data to the control system to complete the remote control of the car. The A/D converter is mainly used, which reduces the cost of the circuit and simplifies the complex circuit, which is convenient for later detection and troubleshooting.
(4) Software design. Software design is the design of the information processing module, which is the core of the design of the WIFI smart car. During the software design, the control terminal software and the car body program should be carried out synchronously to achieve perfect docking. The control terminal software mainly adopts Java language. In the main program, it mainly realizes initialization functions such as timer and interrupt program, and in the subprogram, it realizes other controls, such as acceleration, avoiding obstacles, etc.; the program on the car body must meet the requirements for the control terminal. In addition to receiving information, there are also driving requirements such as issuing instructions to the operation of the car body, controlling voltage, current, and driving direction. These programs are interrelated and work together, and finally realize the remote control of the smart car using WIFI.
Application value of smart car
Through this design, our smart car technology can demonstrate its value, and then put forward similar technical points in the field of smart cars, and realize the help to the field of smart cars in my country; in addition to smart cars, it also has some weak help in other fields. , this kind of smart car, through improvements, such as increasing the size and adding working parts, can help some intelligent fields, such as smart planting.
Single-chip microcomputers are widely used in various intelligent fields. In this design, we combined single-chip microcomputers with WIFI smart cars to realize the design of smart cars, which has certain reference value for other smart fields. I hope that our country will move forward steadily on the road of intelligence.
The above are the details of the design scheme of the WIFI smart car based on the single-chip microcomputer introduced by Shenzhen Zuchuang Microelectronics Co., Ltd. If you have development and design needs for smart remote control cars, you can trust us. We have rich experience in customized development of electronic products, and can evaluate the development cycle and IC price as soon as possible, and can also calculate PCBA quotations. We are a number of chip agents at home and abroad: Songhan, Yingguang, Jieli, Ankai, Quanzhi, realtek, with MCU, voice IC, Bluetooth IC and module, wifi module. Our development capabilities cover PCB design, single-chip microcomputer development, Bluetooth technology development, software customization development, APP customization development, WeChat official account development and other hardware and software design. It can also undertake the research and development of smart electronic products, the design of household appliances, the development of beauty equipment, the development of Internet of Things applications, the design of smart home solutions, the development of TWS earphones, the development of Bluetooth earphone speakers, the development of children's toys, and the research and development of electronic education products.
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