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Water purifier solution
The water purifier is also called a water purifier. The function of the water purifier is to filter the floating objects in the water, and remove heavy metals, bacteria, viruses, etc., so as to ensure that the water is safe. The early water purifiers were invented in the UK, and they were only large-scale public health water purification systems used by the government. With the advancement of technology, water purifiers have become smaller and smaller and have begun to be used in households.
Household water purifier is a kind of water purification machine that meets people's drinking water requirements in the new era. The development of its water purification technology is directly related to the performance and safety of household water purifiers. Improving the water purification technology of drinking fountains can effectively promote drinking water. At the same time, it can provide certain safety guarantee for people's drinking water health. In view of the current high requirements of the people of our country on the quality and safety of drinking water, we can find that the future development of household water dispensers still has a very good prospect. of.
1. Classification of water purifier technology principles
There are many types of water purifiers, mainly direct drinking water machines, pure water machines, water softeners, kitchen water purifiers, R0 machines, electrolytic water purifiers, pipeline direct drinking machines, faucet water purifiers, DIY water purifiers, double Double net ultrafiltration machine, kitchen drinking water purifier. According to the water treatment method, it is divided into 10 categories.
1. Softening method refers to the removal or reduction of hardness in water (mainly referring to calcium and magnesium ions in water) to a certain extent. In the process of softening water, it only softens the water quality, but cannot improve the water quality.
2. Distillation refers to boiling water, then collecting steam, cooling it and condensing it into a liquid. Distilled water is extremely safe to drink, but there are some issues that need to be explored further. Since distilled water does not contain minerals, this has become the reason for opponents to propose that people's lifespan is prone to aging. In addition, the cost of distillation is high, energy is consumed, and volatile substances in water cannot be removed.
3. The boiling method refers to drinking tap water after boiling. This is an ancient method and is widely used in China. Boiling water kills bacteria, but some chemicals and heavy metals cannot be removed, even in extremely low levels, so it is still not safe to drink.
4. The magnetization method refers to the treatment of water by using the magnetic field effect, which is called the magnetization treatment of water. The process of magnetization treatment is the process of completing the magnetization treatment after the water passes through the magnet in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field lines. The magnetization treatment of water in China is still in the primary stage of practice and research.
5. Mineralization method refers to adding beneficial mineral elements (such as calcium, zinc, strontium and other elements) to the water on the basis of purification. Commercially available water purifiers generally achieve the purpose of mineralization by adding medical stone to the water purifier.
6. Ozone and ultraviolet ray sterilization methods can only sterilize, but cannot remove heavy metals and chemical substances in the water. The dead bacteria still remain in the water and become pyrogens.
7. Activated carbon adsorption method. It can be divided into the following three forms: 1. Granular activated carbon is more commonly used, and it is mostly made of carbonaceous substances such as essence, coal, and fruit shell (core) through chemical or physical activation. It has a lot of micropores and specific surface area, so it has a strong adsorption capacity and can effectively adsorb organic pollutants in water. In addition, during the activation process, some oxygen-containing functional groups are formed on the non-crystalline part of the surface of the activated carbon. These groups enable the activated carbon to have chemical adsorption and catalytic oxidation and reduction properties, and can effectively remove some metal ions in water. 2. Silver-infiltrated activated carbon combines activated carbon and silver, which not only has an adsorption effect on organic pollutants in water, but also has a bactericidal effect, and does not grow bacteria in the activated carbon, which solves the problem of nitrite sometimes appearing in the water purifier. The problem of high volume of water purifier. When the water passes through the silver-infiltrated activated carbon, the silver ions will be released slowly to play the role of disinfection and sterilization. Because activated carbon has a good effect on removing color, bromine, chlorine, iron, arsenic, mercury, cyanide, phenol, etc. in water, and the sterilization effect is more than 90%, it is used in small water purifiers. 3. Fiber activated carbon is a new type of adsorption material formed by organic carbon fiber after activation treatment. It has a developed microporous structure, a huge specific surface area, and many functional groups. Remarkable achievements have been made abroad in the use of fiber activated carbon for solvent recovery and gas purification; a lot of research work has also been done in water treatment applications.
8. R0 reverse osmosis membrane method. R0 reverse osmosis is a kind of pure water machine (also known as terminal water purification equipment) that can be directly consumed by humans after filtering raw water (physical method) through internationally popular methods such as reverse osmosis without adding any compounds. . Apply pressure to make it pass through RO (reverse osmosis, English Revers e Osmosi s) membrane with a pore size of one ten-thousandth of a micron, and finally adjust the water through silver-loaded activated carbon (also known as small T33) made of fruit shell (coconut shell). The pH value (making the taste of the purified water sweet and mellow) produces purified water. Reverse osmosis technology: The original text of reverse osmosis is REVERSE OSMO-SIS, which is a collection of multinational scientists from the United States Space Agency, supported by the government, and spent billions of dollars after years of research. The principle of reverse osmosis is to apply a pressure higher than the natural osmotic pressure on the raw water side, so that the water molecules reverse osmosis from the side with high concentration to the side with low concentration. Since the pore size is far smaller than hundreds of times or even thousands of times of the case virus and bacteria, various viruses, bacteria, heavy metals, solid solubles, polluting organic matter, calcium and magnesium ions, etc. cannot pass through the reverse osmosis membrane at all, so as to achieve The purpose of water softening and purification.
9. Microfiltration and ultrafiltration. The microfiltration method is a microporous filter membrane made of cellulose or polymer materials, which uses its uniform pore size to intercept particles, bacteria, colloids, etc. in water, so that they can be removed without passing through the filter membrane. This microporous membrane filtration technology, also known as particle density filtration technology, can filter micron or nanoscale particles and bacteria. Both ultrafiltration and microfiltration belong to membrane separation technology, and there is no obvious boundary between them. The working pressure of ultrafiltration is generally about 0.3 MPa, which can remove macromolecular substances, bacteria, viruses, etc. in water, but the flux lower.
10. Composite method. When one process is difficult to remove harmful substances in water, the use of two or more processes is a composite type. Such as activated carbon adsorption, ultraviolet sterilization, activated carbon adsorption reverse osmosis, activated carbon adsorption microfiltration (ultrafiltration), polypropylene microfiber, activated carbon, microfiltration (ultrafiltration), etc. In composite water purifiers, membrane technology composite water purifiers The performance of water purification is excellent, especially in removing microorganisms (bacteria, algae, etc.) development hotspot.
2. Key technologies of household water purifier solutions
The technical core of the water purifier is the filter membrane in the filter element device. At present, the main technologies come from three types: ultrafiltration membrane, RO reverse osmosis membrane and nanofiltration membrane. The research and development of household water purifiers began in the 1960s. Now the research on household drinking water purifiers is mainly to remove organic matter and inorganic pollutants and sterilize. Household water purifiers mainly use urban tap water as the water source for treatment according to their design specifications, but in some areas of the country, especially northern cities, urban groundwater is also used as the water source for treatment. But from a technical point of view, the products produced by household water purification companies basically use urban tap water as the source of water treatment, and use this to determine the direction of product key technology research and development. Its key technologies for water purification mainly focus on the following aspects:
According to the requirements of applicable national standards, the production enterprises mainly follow two document standards, namely GB5749-2006 "Drinking Water Hygienic Standard" and "Drinking Water Quality Processor Hygienic Safety and Functional Evaluation Specification". Other technical standards for household water purifiers are being formulated. At present, the Ministry of Health’s safety standard documents really play a role in supervising and regulating the industry. All water purification companies manufacture in accordance with this standard, comply with safety standards and obtain sanitary The products approved by the license are qualified products and are allowed to be marketed and circulated.
The key technologies of water purification products produced within the scope permitted by the applicable water source and sanitation standards mainly revolve around three aspects, namely:
1. General water treatment technology.
Including mechanical filtration, adsorption, disinfection, softening, electrolysis, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis fine filtration, etc.
2. Water purification combination technology.
Combined water purification technology formed for different water quality treatment purposes, including: water quality adjustment, pure treatment, purification treatment, separate purification, water softening, etc., and integrate multiple technologies according to different purposes.
3. Multiple water purification function configuration technology.
Multifunctional configuration technology with water purification as the core, including: hot and cold direct drinking machines, clean drinking machines without pipelines, drinking water stations, water boilers, etc. Among them, the direct drinking machine has developed rapidly, but in terms of the convenience of use, the direct drinking machine needs to be installed with pipelines, which has become a bottleneck restricting its development. It has the function of direct drinking machine but avoids the installation link, and has achieved obvious sales performance after being introduced to the market.
3. The development trend of key technologies of water purifiers
1. Reverse osmosis technology will become the mainstream water purification technology, and its technology development trend is as follows.
1) Ultra-low voltage technology will be a safe and efficient technology development direction. At present, traditional reverse osmosis products need to be equipped with pressure tanks when they are used, which can easily become a breeding point for bacteria during use. If the ultra-low pressure technology is widely realized, the pressure tank will be cancelled, and the direct drinking of RO membrane effluent will be realized, and the possible secondary pollution link existing in the middle will be removed. However, the current ultra-low pressure technology is still developing in the whole world. Some ultra-low pressure technologies of domestic membrane companies are still in an unstable state and the technology is not mature. And some foreign large-scale membrane enterprises are also in the process of developing ultra-low pressure membrane technology. Therefore, this is a very promising development direction of reverse osmosis technology.
2) Anti-fouling membrane is the key to technology improvement and user cost reduction. The anti-pollution ability of reverse osmosis membranes on the market is still lacking, especially in northern regions where the water quality is high and the damage to the membranes is greater. At present, the service life of the RO membrane designed by the enterprise is 3 to 5 years, but the actual application period is 1 to 2 years. This also invisibly increases the user's use cost, so the anti-pollution RO membrane is one of the future research and development directions of the company.
3) Carbon nanotube technology is a new type of deionization technology. It is a new technology recently developed by Stanford University in the United States. This technology can effectively replace the currently used reverse osmosis technology. Ions can also maintain trace elements in water that are beneficial to the human body, and may be widely used in the field of household water purification.
2. Fashionable and exquisite water quality regulation technology products will be gradually popularized.
At present, the domestic domestic water treatment industry is still in the initial stage. With the promulgation of the new national standard for drinking water, water plants in all parts of the country, especially large and medium-sized cities, are undergoing renovation. This means that in the near future, urban water supply will basically require Implemented in strict accordance with national standards. As far as water purification products are concerned, there are many adjustments in the research and development and promotion of bacteria and heavy metal pollution. The technical development trends are as follows:
1) The functions are simple and can be used in different categories (faucets, kettles, desktops); foreign water purification products are obviously different from domestic ones. For example, in Europe, especially in Germany, water purification bottles are basically used, and faucet water purifiers from Philips and Panasonic from Japan , small desktop water purifiers produced by Mitsubishi, etc. are also very popular. The reason why these products are highly popular is that the quality of tap water can basically meet the standard of raw drinking, so the functional requirements of users for water purification products are completely different from those in China. Today's water purification market in Europe and America is the tomorrow of my country's water purification industry.
2) Table drinking devices combined with hot and cold functions; this type of product is currently very popular in South Korea and Taiwan, and has dual functions of purification and hot and cold. In Europe, this type of product is more well-made and miniature, which can be placed on the table and drunk directly.
3) Portable travel water purification equipment. Fast and convenient portable small water purifiers will have a wider and wider market.
4) The quality and technology of filter materials are continuously improved. The new water purifier will use more high-quality activated carbon, multifunctional ion exchange resin and ultra-low pressure precision ultrafiltration membrane.
3. There will be more market opportunities for household centralized water purification, mainly for two categories of products.
1) Large-flux family water purification technology based on ultrafiltration technology. This type of technology is suitable for the southern region, just like the current household central air conditioner. Although the current market share of such products is not large, it is also a development trend in the future.
2) Ion exchange combined with ultrafiltration technology is the core softening and quality water purification technology. This type of technology is currently widely used in the United States or countries and regions with high water hardness, and is also very suitable in northern my country and limestone areas.
4. The integration of kitchen appliances may be the next step to upgrade water purifier technology.
1) With the development of integrated kitchen appliances, household water purification products will be more and more integrated with kitchen appliances in the future, especially in the case of embedded water purification devices in cabinets. At the 2012 Shanghai Home Appliances Expo, there have been related product samples for supporting sales.
2) Purified drinking machines with hot and cold drinking functions will start to adopt cabinet embedded design, including integrated design of waterway and control circuit, and water outlet faucet, which is also a new development model.
5. Electrolytic water purification will have a good market prospect.
Electrolytic water purifiers are currently a controversial product in China, but they are widely used in Japan, South Korea, and the United States. This is also one of the development trends that domestic water purification companies can learn from and refer to in the next step of development.
1) The exquisitely designed and highly intelligent household electrolyzed water device that is effectively combined with ultrafiltration technology will become the choice for health preservation.
2) The electrolytic cell and ion exchange membrane used in domestic production of electrolytic water purifiers are all assembled with imported components. High-quality electrolytic cell and ion exchange membrane will become an important guarantee for the quality of the whole machine.
4. Suggestions on replacement cycle of water purifier filter element
The replacement frequency and time of different filter elements are different. Therefore, you must first find out what kind of filter element the water purifier you purchased belongs to. In addition, you can also refer to the manufacturer's recommended replacement time for the filter element in the manual.
1. PPC composite filter element
The PPC composite filter element is generally recommended to be replaced for about 3-6 months, and it needs to be determined according to the water quality of the user's home. The PPC composite filter element on the water purifier has a red drip prompt, indicating that the PPC filter element of the water purifier needs to be replaced. Generally, it is divided into two types of filter elements, 1st and 2nd, and needs to be replaced every six months or so.
2. CPP composite filter element
The general use time of CPP composite filter is about 6 months, and it needs to be replaced once. The general use time will be slightly longer than that of PPC composite filter, but it will not last too long. It is recommended to replace it according to the prompts on the water purifier. , if it prompts that it needs to be replaced, replace it in time!
3. RO membrane filter
The RO membrane filter element is the last three-stage filter element. This filter element can filter fine substances. It generally has a long service life, about 2-3 years. The specific replacement time needs to be determined according to the frequency of use and water quality. When a water purifier The RO filter light on the machine has turned red to indicate that it needs to be replaced, just replace it again.
4. The following is the replacement cycle of the filter element shared by netizens based on their own experience.
Viewpoint 1: Change it every 3-6 months normally. If it is a ceramic filter element, use a planer to plan a layer in time after replacing it, and you can continue to use it.
Viewpoint 2: Just unscrew this kind of thing and change it by yourself. I change it by myself. 3M is engaged in composite filter elements, which are expensive to use. Not as good as a multi-stage filter. The first and second grades of my house are all equipped with pp cotton, so that two can be replaced at the same time in one year. There is no need to change the latter levels for 3-5 years. In fact, the water volume becomes smaller and then changed.
Viewpoint 3: PP cotton needs to be replaced in 6 months. This is actually the cheapest one, just over 10 yuan. The expensive filter element in the back can last for many years. But some brands put them all together, forcing you to change at the same time. As long as the kitchen has room to accommodate it, using a multi-stage filter is the most effective and cheapest method.
5. Summary of household water purifier solutions
After nearly 20 years of development in the domestic household water purification industry, household water purification technology has been greatly developed, especially the matching of various parts and components has been gradually established in China, but the development of core technologies still has great development space. For example, the comprehensive performance of domestic activated carbon is unstable; the ultrafiltration technology is mixed, and it is relatively backward in terms of hydrophilicity and consistency; the core technology of RO membrane is lacking, and the research and development capability of ultra-low pressure technology is weak; other aspects such as carbon nanotubes, electrolytic reduction, etc. Research has not yet started, and all of this will depend on the continuous efforts of the vast number of household water purification product manufacturers.
The country has included drinking water safety protection technology into the development plan of the 12th Five-Year Plan, and it is expected that relevant national scientific research institutes and powerful water purification companies will increase research on core water purification technologies and focus on and invest in industrialization to provide water purification The healthy development of the industry provides a strong guarantee.
The above are the details of the water purifier solution introduced by Shenzhen Zuchuang Microelectronics Co., Ltd. for you. If you have electronic function development needs for household water purifiers, you can rest assured to entrust them to us. We have rich experience in customized development of electronic products. We can evaluate the development cycle and IC price as soon as possible, and can also calculate the PCBA quotation for faucet water purifiers. We are a number of chip agents at home and abroad, including MCU, voice IC, Bluetooth IC and modules, wifi modules. Our development capabilities cover PCB design, single-chip microcomputer development, software custom development, APP custom development, WeChat official account development and other hardware and software design. It can also undertake the research and development of smart electronic products, household appliances scheme design, beauty equipment development, Internet of Things application development, smart home scheme design, TWS scheme development, Bluetooth audio development, children's toy scheme development, and electronic education product development.
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