Development and design of intelligent dishwasher control board

From primitive slash-and-burn farming to the current information society, science and technology have brought an incomparably powerful impetus to the development of human society. From small electronic chips to aerospace, the design concepts involved all embody human wisdom. With the improvement of the quality of life and the acceleration of the pace of life of modern people, the demand for functional and human-oriented products continues to increase. For example, how to quickly and easily declutter a messy kitchen after a family dinner. Undoubtedly, automatic dishwashers are a time-saving and labor-saving choice. However, according to research, the penetration rate of domestic dishwashers in households in first-tier cities is less than 1%. Compared with washing by hand, dishwashers have obvious advantages in various indicators such as tableware cleanliness, water and electricity consumption, and detergent usage. However, most of the existing dishwashers on the market are designed for large restaurants and are suitable for families. Very little is used on a daily basis. Based on this, we designed a smart dishwasher that integrates cleaning, disinfection, and storage functions to meet family needs.

1. Design source of smart dishwasher

At present, the existing automatic dishwashers used in the catering field on the market mainly have the following classification methods. In terms of working methods, it is divided into two types: blue-pass automatic dishwasher and crawler tooth-pulling automatic dishwasher. The whole operation process of the Lanchuan automatic dishwasher is relatively troublesome. Although the crawler tooth extraction type automatic dishwasher is relatively convenient and quick to operate, it is bulky and heavy, and is not suitable for families. From the working principle, it can be divided into two types: ultrasonic automatic dishwasher and oxygen-increasing automatic dishwasher. Among them, the ultrasonic dishwasher is more and more accepted by customers, but it has many disadvantages, such as loud noise, power consumption, and high machine cost. The main reason why the oxygen-increasing fully automatic type is accepted by customers is its low cost and power saving, but the cleaning degree is not as high as that of the ultrasonic fully automatic dishwasher. Analyzing the dishwashers that have been put into use on the market and their working principles, it is not difficult to find that each of these large dishwashers has its own advantages and disadvantages. And we refine and modularize the process of these dishwashers, and constantly make up for their shortcomings, add the author's own creativity, design and manufacture a fully automatic dishwasher for home kitchens.

2. The operating principle of smart dishwashers

The main functions of smart dishwashers are cleaning, disinfection, and storage. For different functional characteristics, we have designed mechanical modules with different structures, and integrated these mechanical modules into the same system to cooperate with each other to achieve the intended purpose.

The main body of the dishwasher is cylindrical, and the inside of the cylinder is equipped with a central shaft driven by a motor, and each mechanical module is evenly distributed around the central shaft. The motor of the base can drive the rotation of the central shaft to make each module rotate to the corresponding position. The side of the cylinder is an automatic cabinet door, which can be used to input used tableware and output cleaned tableware. From here, the work of the dishwasher begins. First, the storage compartment is equipped with a pressure sensor. When the used tableware is put into it, the pressure sensor detects that an object has entered, and then transmits this information to the top of the dishwasher. The central computer, the computer gets the information and transmits it to the base, and the base motor accepts the instruction to close the cabinet door. Then, the storage compartment is rotated to the cleaning area, and the dirt on the tableware will be washed away by high-pressure water in the early stage, and then two brushes made of high-fiber materials will carry cleaning liquid to perform mid-term washing on the tableware. In the final stage, there will still be high-pressure water flow to wash away the cleaning fluid and dirt left in the middle stage, and the color sensor will recognize the brightness of the surface of the tableware. After passing the inspection, the storage compartment is then transferred to the disinfection area. Here we use ultraviolet sterilization technology to destroy and change the DNA structure of microorganisms within 30 minutes, so that the bacteria die immediately or cannot reproduce, so as to achieve the purpose of sterilization.

After the series of procedures are completed, the processed tableware will be transferred to the storage area for use, and the humidity sensor and drying device in the storage area will ensure that the tableware is dry and clean and prevent the growth of bacteria.

In terms of installation, according to the layout of the family kitchen and personal preferences, our dishwashers are set in two types: semi-recessed and fully-recessed, so as to minimize the footprint and integrate into the kitchen more naturally.

3. The intelligent interconnection function of the dishwasher

In addition, we have also added the Home Connect function, which links the dishwasher through the mobile phone terminal, making the dishwasher more intelligent and humanized in all aspects of use. Before use, users can quickly understand the various functions of the dishwasher through the "Home Connect" application on the mobile phone, and can also watch the teaching video to quickly grasp the correct operation and maintenance methods of the dishwasher, eliminating the trouble of reading the manual . For example, the video will guide users to correctly place tableware in the dishwasher and adjust the bowl basket so that there is no dead space in each wash. In daily use after installation, Home Connect will also bring more comfort and convenience. For example, after lunch on weekends, if the elderly and children at home have the habit of taking a nap, even if the user is away from home, they can remotely adjust the washing mode to a quieter "night wash", so that the family can rest at ease. The main unit of the dishwasher can recommend the most suitable washing mode based on the weight of the dishes, the degree of dirt and other information obtained by the internal sensors of the dishwasher. In addition, the smart water system for household appliances equipped with it can adjust the water hardness, washing temperature, rinsing angle and strength according to the type of tableware and the dirtiness, so that the cleaning effect is more significant and the service life of the tableware is extended.

4.The core components of the dishwasher

There are temperature, humidity, pressure, and executive components such as sensors, motors, and ultraviolet sterilizers that promote the operation of this device, but the most important thing is the central processing module that is composed of Lego EV3 host programming on the top of the storage compartment, where the programming is stored. After each program is properly executed, the host computer processes the signals sent by each sensor and sends instructions to the next module to make it run. This central autonomous sending and receiving process is precise and orderly, ensuring the full automation of the entire dishwasher.

The design of this dishwasher fully meets the family labor needs of the working class to "free their hands". Although the dishwasher is still a relatively new product for Chinese families, it will be recognized by the public due to its excellent performance. , thus becoming another hot spot of household electrical appliances after refrigerators, color TVs and washing machines. In addition, the post-optimization of this multi-functional dishwasher mainly focuses on the size and capacity, and the practicality of low-carbon environmental protection materials will greatly improve its environmental protection, and then become the first choice for large restaurants.

With the advancement of technology and culture, the majority of people have gradually improved their pursuit of material goals. The previous realization methods and traditional realization methods have gradually fallen behind with the support of science. Abroad, the United States, mainly represented by developed countries, is currently Has entered the "new hardware" era. In China, the gradual exploration and realization of "Internet +" will also lead people to a more intelligent era. Society is composed of many parts, and in life, catering is an essential item to meet people's basic needs, but the problems of low efficiency and trouble in cleaning tableware have always plagued the majority of catering operators and family members. In this regard, numerous scientific research technicians have invented a series of dishwashers using electronic technology. Dishwashers are more common in developed countries, but domestic use is relatively lagging behind. The reasons are as follows: (1) high price; (2) high power consumption; (3) inconvenient to use; (4) Take up a lot of space, etc. The article also describes the current types of dishwashers (nozzle, water wash, impeller, ultrasonic, etc.). The dishwasher can liberate people's hands, and its use value is very significant. This article will elaborate on the designed steam-air dishwasher.

5. Introduction of Dishwasher Control Module

With the gradual upgrading of single-chip microcomputers, people can develop many things with practical application value based on single-chip microcomputers. The central processor of the dishwasher described in this article is the STM32 development board and related structures (power module, motor drive module, switch control module wait). The STM32 development board comes from the ARM product core, which has high performance, low power consumption, open source code and reasonable price range. At the same time, the development board has many interfaces and good expansion performance, which can meet the design needs of the vast number of R&D personnel. The design of this article is based on the single-chip microcomputer, and some types of external control modules are built on the central processing unit.

6. The overall idea of dishwasher design

In order to design the dishwasher, it is necessary to consider the design ideas from the device element composition, frame structure and operation process. For the design in this paper, the corresponding design ideas are as follows.

(1) In terms of the device elements included in the dishwasher, after conversion, in a high temperature environment of 60°C, the viscous resistance of castor oil on general attachments is 1/8 of that at 26°C. For this, the design The built-in environment is a high temperature environment, which makes it easier to save water and detergent than cleaning at normal temperature. Therefore, the design includes a steam generating device to generate a high-temperature environment; and in a high-temperature environment, the bowl must be cleaned. For this, it should include the ability to generate high-pressure water vapor or water flow to spray the bowl, etc.; At the same time, it should also include brushing and wiping of bowls, which requires a mechanical cleaning device with a cleaning cloth or cleaning brush; and currently people call for energy saving and emission reduction, and the development of a low-carbon economy. Therefore, to collect and filter the water produced by preliminary cleaning, a filter device is essential for this, and the filtered water can also be reused to a certain extent. To sum up.

(2) In terms of the hardware system framework structure of the dishwasher, the design in this paper is developed based on the STM32 single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer has excellent performance and can be used as the central processing unit of the dishwasher system to control other modules, while the system The operation of air requires energy, the operation of air pumps requires motors, and the storage and stabilization of air pressure requires valves with certain effects. Therefore, the design in this paper requires the following modules: STM32 CPU, power supply module, motor drive module, switch control module.

(3) In the overall process of washing dishes in the dishwasher, the author believes that the dishes should be placed in the cleaning grid first, and then let the steam generating chamber run to generate steam, and then the generated steam enters the cleaning part , these processes require the work of electric heating elements to complete the rapid heating of water and steam, and then generate the required high temperature in the clean grid. While the steam generation chamber generates high-temperature steam, the air pressure buffer chamber should have air input to generate the required air pressure. When the temperature in the cleaning grid meets the set threshold, the control switch can open the solenoid valve between the buffer chamber and the cleaning grid, and then use the water mist nozzle to spray high-pressure water vapor and mechanical cleaning facilities to rinse and wipe the kitchen utensils . In this process, the generated sewage enters the sewage collection device through self-flow for preliminary filtration. Through the distillation function of the steam generation box, the filtered water can enter the steam generation box again to continue to generate steam and reuse, but When there are too many cleaning times, the clean water will become very dirty. At this time, new water resources can be replaced, and the sewage should also be treated and cannot be discharged at will.

7. Realization of dishwasher scheme design

After the above design ideas, it is necessary to carry out detailed planning for the designed dishwasher. The design process includes many links, limited to the layout. This article will elaborate on the following two representative links.

(1) The structural design of the dishwasher. According to the design ideas above, the main organizational space of the dishwasher is as follows: ①air pump, ②air pressure buffer room, ③cleaning grid, ④filter tank and ⑤steam generating room.

(2) The design of the high-pressure water vapor spraying device of the dishwasher. The design in this article is to achieve the effect of saving water resources while cleaning the dishes efficiently. Therefore, it is necessary to use an aerosol nozzle with higher utility to achieve the effect of flushing and saving water for kitchen utensils. The designed aerosol nozzle has two interfaces, one of which needs to be connected to a gas storage and pressure maintaining device with a certain high pressure, and the other end is connected to the water storage device used, which is regulated by the designed adjustment knob component The ratio of water to air in the sprayed aerosol.

In the device for generating and maintaining high-pressure gas, the air pump draws the outside air and then delivers the gas to the pressure buffer chamber. The function of the pressure buffer chamber is to generate and store high-pressure gas. At this time, the air pressure sensor has been monitoring the gas pressure in the air pressure buffer chamber in real time. When the monitored air pressure data is lower than a certain threshold, the air pump will transmit air to the inside to ensure the balance of air pressure. When the air pressure reaches a certain threshold , the air pump stops working and is in a shutdown state. The design of the high-pressure water vapor spraying device can not only achieve a better cleaning effect, but also greatly reduce the waste of water resources.

After calculation, the steam power of the dishwasher in this article is 1756w; the power of the air pump is 110w-193w; the average power consumption of one jet is 0.0011Kwh, and the average water consumption of one jet is 1.5mL.

Summarize

This paper explains the meaning of dishwashers, the current types of dishwashers, and the domestic and foreign applications, and then elaborates in detail on the designed dishwasher based on the STM32 development board that integrates water and vapor scouring. The STM32 single-chip microcomputer has excellent performance and can meet the design needs. The designed dishwasher is highly efficient and energy-saving. If it is further packaged and mass-produced, it can free more hands for the majority of demanders.

The above is the example of dishwasher development introduced by Shenzhen Zuchuang Microelectronics Co., Ltd. for you. If you have a need for the development of a household dishwasher solution, you can rest assured to entrust it to us. We represent a variety of single-chip microcomputers, voice chips, dual-mode Bluetooth ICs, and wifi chips. Brands include Songhan MCU, Yingguang MCU, Jerry Bluetooth, Ankai Bluetooth, Allwinner, and Realtek. Our technical services include: PCB design, MCU development, Bluetooth solution, software and hardware custom development, APP development, small program development, WeChat official account development, etc. It can also undertake the design of intelligent electronic products, the development of living appliances, the research and development of beauty equipment, the application of Internet of things platform, the smart home control system, the development of TWS earphones, Bluetooth earphone speakers, the development of children's educational toys, the design of electronic education products, etc.