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05-24

2020

During the epidemic: How did these 10 high-tech companies perform?

Since the closure of Wuhan due to the epidemic on January 23, in just 4 months, China's high-tech industry has experienced the most difficult development period in history. Survival and transformation have filled every corner inside and outside the Great Wall; let Chinese people read it all There are all kinds of enterprises, there are those who breathe with the country and switch production to fight the epidemic, those who protect employees' lives at the expense of corporate interests, those who play children's temper and ask for orders, there are also executives who personally "investigate" competitors, and some become Internet celebrities for the company Those who bring goods, and of course those who are not afraid of the power of US imperialism and resist...There are a thousand companies, and there are a thousand kinds of epidemic ecology. Today, 10 companies are selected to take stock of their performance and survival status during the epidemic.No. 10 - CLP Electric: Executives became “Internet celebrities” due to circumventionAmong the nearly 4,000 A-share listed companies, China Electric Motor Co., Ltd., with an annual revenue of 600 million yuan and a total market value of less than 3 billion yuan, is very inconspicuous. A magical operation shocked all A-share company executives. He actually climbed over the wall to "inspect" a competitor's workshop and was caught doing so.After the incident was exposed, countless netizens praised him as a "conscience boss", and CEC Electric came into the public eye because of this. After the stock market opened on Monday, the stock price approached the daily limit.However, for CEEC, this matter was too outrageous. Since then, Wang Jianyu and his CEEC fell into a period of silence, and even the other party involved in the case, Huayong Electric, also kept silent, giving CECM face enough.It was not until the recent general meeting of shareholders that Wang Jianyu entered the public eye again, but he kept silent about his personal experience, but talked about the market layout of the acquisition of the German motor manufacturer VEM.No. 9 - Nokia Bell: The Fortune 500 who behaves like a childNokia Bell is the only joint venture among central enterprises directly supervised by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, and it is also Nokia's exclusive operating platform in China.At the beginning of this year, it participated in the 5G centralized procurement bidding process of China's three major operators, and its series of performances were extremely inconsistent with its status as the world's top 500, giving people an image of "crying children have milk to drink".First, when it was not selected in the centralized procurement of China Mobile in early April, Nokia Bell immediately complained to China Unicom, and at the same time accused the winning bidders of being unkind; who knew that the house leak happened to be rainy all night, and Nokia was in the joint 5G procurement of China Unicom & China Telecom at the end of April. After losing again, he cried out helplessly and expressed his determination with "Don't forget your original intention, commit to China".Perhaps it was just the childlike cuteness of Nokia Bell. After China Unicom officially opened the tender on April 30, the plot reversed.No. 8 - Lenovo: The scolding continues, but the need for change continuesLenovo’s covert support for Qualcomm led to Huawei’s failure to meet the standards, and was assisted by the British media as a non-Chinese company’s two gods. So far, as long as Lenovo is mentioned, some people have stood up to Lenovo, angry and reprimanded, and ridiculed.The computer equipment that Lenovo aided in the construction of Leishenshan and Huoshenshan in Wuhan, Hubei was also criticized by netizens; so that Lenovo did not dare to reply to netizens, but chose to do things in silence.This year's epidemic has led to widespread digitization and networking of teaching and offices across the country, which has made Lenovo more determined on its digital transformation route that started in 2017. Currently, the revenue from its smart IoT transformation business has accounted for about 10% of its total revenue in China. %.On May 11, Lenovo officially launched new commercial IoT products and solutions, and at the same time announced its IoT development map, clarifying Lenovo's core competitiveness in the next ten years.The important thing is that Lenovo wants to use this appearance to express to the Chinese people its determination to be born in China, grow up in China, and serve China.No. 7-Hikvision: triggering concerns about industry ceilingAs a global leader in security, Hikvision has maintained a good low-key style for a long time. Even if it has been named by the US government many times, it has turned major issues into minor ones, as if such a company does not exist in the world.In fact, Hikvision's products can be found in every corner of the world, on roads, parks, communities, shopping malls... wherever cameras can be installed, there are Hikvision products.But in the face of the epidemic, Hikvision also hesitated. In the first quarter, it recorded a total of 9.429 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 5.17%, and realized a net profit of 1.496 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 2.59%. The negative growth of revenue and the negative growth of net profit in the first quarter for two consecutive years seem to tell us that the best era of security is coming to an end, and the worst era may be coming.At the same time, Hikvision must always be wary of backstabbing by the U.S. government.In order to improve the unfavorable situation, Hikvision made multiple attacks, planning to divest the best-developed fluorite business unit, and at the same time increase the development of emerging businesses such as memory chips, robots, machine vision, and automobiles; next, Hikvision officially Entering the smart security inspection market, it is foreseeable that a number of small and medium-sized enterprises will be beaten to death.No. 6-Midea: Robots are holding back and strengthening industrial controlCompared with Hisense's generous layoffs of 10,000 employees, Midea is a very conscientious company. It insists on not laying off employees or cutting salaries, and only freezes part of the salaries of about 100 executives.In the first quarter of this year, Midea's revenue and profits both fell by more than 20% year-on-year, which was far better than the 45% average decline in the white goods market.In terms of overall business layout, KUKA Robotics, which was acquired at a cost of 29.2 billion yuan in 2017, has seen a decline in performance for two consecutive years. In addition to helping Midea build automated production lines and optimize logistics equipment, this European romantic beauty left Midea with more feathers. So far, an investment of about 30 billion yuan has only yielded a profit of 300 million yuan, which has seriously damaged Midea's brand reputation, and investors have repeatedly launched attacks on this.But as a fait accompli, Midea can only grit its teeth and stick to it; but on the other hand, Midea continues to increase the layout of frequency converters and servers, and in early April, Midea invested 740 million yuan in Hekang Xinneng. However, recently, Luanping Huitong, a subsidiary of Hekang Xinneng, believed that Hekang Xinneng caused a loss of 63.665 million yuan to Luanping Huitong due to insufficient funds, and demanded that Hekang Xinneng pay compensation; at the same time, the major shareholder Ye Jinwu unilaterally sold the company's equity , and must also compensate shareholder Long Tengyun 10 million yuan.Just after the acquisition, before there was time to integrate it, the subject matter caused such a drama, which is a headache for Midea Group.No. 5-Wuling: The fastest recovering car companyEver since Wuling announced that it would switch to producing masks, it is no longer just the god of mountain cars in Qiu Ming, but also the patron saint of China’s epidemic prevention.Throughout Wuling's development history, it has been closely linked to the fate of the country every time. Just as it said when it switched to producing masks: We will produce what the people need. It became the first company among many domestic car companies to switch to the production of masks, and it inspired BYD, GAC and other companies that subsequently switched to the production of masks.At the same time, Wuling is worthy of the title of "God Car" and is also the first car company to successfully recover from the epidemic. In March, Wuling won the title with sales of 130,000 vehicles. In April, sales increased by 13.5% year-on-year, for two consecutive months Continue to develop for the better and successfully emerge from the haze of the epidemic.On the 25th of this month, Wuling Shenche, which has experienced 35 years of ups and downs, will usher in the 22 millionth vehicle off the assembly line. For the Chinese auto market with consumption upgrades, "22 million" is of great significance to Wuling. It is not only an affirmation of its past achievements, but also In the new journey to meet the needs of the people in the future, Wuling's new LOGO will be rolled off the production line simultaneously with the "22 millionth car", and will compete in the next autumn with an innovative attitude.No. 4-Gree: Live broadcast to bring goods to fight the epidemicThere is never a lack of topics in the world with Gree. At the moment of the epidemic, Gree scored zero in February and only a few hundred million yuan in March. For Gree, a Fortune 500 company, it is not enough to pay utility bills. Ms. Dong quickly took advantage of being an internet celebrity.Unexpectedly, the first live broadcast on April 24 was overturned with a score of 233,500 yuan because Ms. Dong was not familiar with the road; but this did not affect Ms. Dong's mood at all. With an impressive performance of more than 300 million yuan per game and 700 million yuan in the third game, she became the queen of live streaming.While Ms. Dong was successfully promoted to be an old driver with online celebrities, Gree also had good news. On May 12, the court finally made a judgment on the dispute between Gree and its old rival Oaks that began in January 2017. Oaks was ordered to compensate Gree 4,000 Ten thousand yuan.But what everyone recognizes most about Gree is that in the face of the bleak revenue in the first quarter, Gree did not change its face and recruited 5,000 employees against the trend, becoming a rare and conscientious enterprise in the epidemic; Major investment in new online channels; and plans to distribute dividends to shareholders in the second half of the year; continuous operations have allowed Ms. Dong to successfully gain fans again.No. 3-Foxconn: Waterloo and gear shifting upgrades in parallelIn the manufacturing industry, Foxconn is well-known as the king of foundry. In recent years, it has actively deployed its global layout and set up factories in the United States and India. More importantly, due to the impact of Apple’s order cuts, several Foxconn factories in mainland China have frequently reported layoffs, and informal employees of labor agencies bear the brunt. At the same time, the reduction in overtime work has also forced many employees to leave their jobs voluntarily.Affected by this, Foxconn's attitude towards local brands in mainland China has quietly changed. Its boss Terry Gou has stated that he will fully support domestic brands, pointing to orders from Huawei, which has already entered the arms of BYD.In addition to OEM, Foxconn is also quietly changing its traditional ecology. The long-prepared semiconductor project finally made the latest progress. On April 16, Foxconn’s high-end semiconductor packaging and testing project with a total investment of 60 billion yuan officially settled in Qingdao West Coast New District; 5 On March 13, Foxconn joined hands with Hailo and Socionext to officially launch a new era of AI edge computing image processing solutions, demonstrating that Foxconn is continuously advancing its technological depth and breadth layout.No. 2-BYD: Two-faced angel struggling to surviveBYD is a Chinese high-tech company that was second only to Huawei in terms of activity during the epidemic. The blade battery launched has detonated the lithium battery new energy market. The battery industry may be in trouble again, and BYD is expected to return to the top of the king.BYD has always been criticized by the industry for its large and complex internal organizational structure. While working hard to produce masks, Boss Wang finally took action and established five "Fudi" companies in one go, and introduced the original auto parts-related products. In industrial chain business, the intention of “specializing in technology” is obvious. BYD also launched the Changsha IGBT factory, injecting a boost into the annual output of 500,000 new energy vehicles.What really made BYD an Internet celebrity was its switch to the mask business. From decision to production, BYD only took 10 days. In May, the production capacity was as high as 50 million pieces per day. This is how the world's largest mask manufacturer was established. ; But in a moment of enthusiasm, she fell into a contract trap set by the United States. Masks worth more than 1 billion US dollars were forced to become an "elderly leftover woman". Where she will go is still unknown.Masks have made BYD more and more famous, but it cannot hide its devilish and angelic side. It once became the target of public criticism due to forced holidays and false resumption of work. The reason behind this is the sharp decline in performance and extremely low profit margins during the epidemic, which makes BYD's "mercy" The balance is tilted toward money, and the mask business has become the key to BYD's year-on-year growth in its performance in the first half of the year.No. 1-Huawei: Since ancient times, heroes have suffered many hardshipsHuawei's 5G is the world's leading company. In the face of various unfavorable external environments, all Huawei employees have been highly united and concentrated on solving difficulties, demonstrating very strong resilience and demonstrating the strong side of Chinese technology companies' development and survival.After more than a year of preparation, Huawei's newly released P40 mobile phone has negligible traces of American components; HMS is also accelerating to break through Google's blockade; among global 5G orders, Huawei has won the most 91 in one fell swoop, and has become China's 5G construction The biggest winner...Everything seemed to be going well, but the U.S. blockade seemed to be drifting away from Huawei. However, what awaited Huawei was an unprecedented storm.On May 15, the U.S. government shamelessly revised its control rules and shamelessly announced that companies around the world need to obtain U.S. certification licenses as long as they use U.S. equipment and technology to supply products to Huawei.This means that Huawei's previous efforts to de-Americanize have been greatly reduced. The Alstom incident in 2013 has happened again. The Chinese people and the industry are all worried about Huawei's future.As a sanctioned party, Huawei was forced to issue a protest vow that "we have no choice but to win!"summaryThe various behaviors of enterprises are the manifestations of the choices made by various high-tech enterprises in the face of the national crisis. In their own way, they express their concern and support for the national crisis, their anxiety and persistence for the survival of the enterprise, and their struggle and rise against unreasonable suppression. Perhaps during this period There have been some setbacks, but on the whole, China's high-tech enterprises share the same fate with the country and breathe with the people. They have always supported the overall good development of the Chinese economy.
05-23

2020

Burst! The United States adds 33 Chinese companies and institutions to the "Entity List"

The U.S. Department of Commerce took action again on May 22, local time, and added 33 Chinese high-tech companies, research institutions, and individuals to the "Entity List" on the grounds of security and human rights.In this list, many companies are entities engaged in artificial intelligence and cloud technology. Dongfang Netli and Yuntian Lifei are among them. 360 was once included in the list by the United States because it discovered that the United States was monitoring my country through the Internet and reported it to the country. Entity List.Together with this time, the United States has added a total of 147 Chinese companies to its so-called "entity list" since last year. The following is a list of companies and organizations that have been illegally included in the "Entity List" by the United States this time:Beijing Datai TechnologyData Technology Hong KongCloudminds Inc.Beijing Cloud Computing CenterBeijing Jincheng Huanyu Technology and TradeBeijing Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced ResearchChengdu Fine Optical Engineering Research CenterChengdu Fine Optical Engineering Research Centerchina jiuyuan trading co., ltd.Harbin Chuangyue Technology Co., Ltd. Harbin Chuangyue Technology Co., Ltd.Harbin Engineering University Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin Yun Li Da Technology and Development Co., Ltd. Harbin Yun Li Da Technology and Development Co., Ltd.JCN(HK) Technology Co.Ltd.K Logistics(China)LimitedKunhai（Yanjiao）Innovation Research InstitutePeac Institute of Multiscale ScienceQihoo 360 Technology Co.Ltd.Qihoo 360 Technology CompanyShanghai Nova Instruments Co., Ltd.Sichuan Dingcheng Material Trade Co., Ltd.Sichuan Xintianyuan Technology Co., Ltd.Sichuan Tusk Import and Export Trading Co., Ltd.Lijian Tianyan Technology Co., Ltd.Zhu Jiejin, associate professor at Fudan UniversityChina's Ministry of Public Security's Institute of Forensic ScienceAksu Huafu Textiles Co., Ltd.CloudWalk Technology CloudWalk TechnologyFiberHome Technologies Group and the subsidiaryNanjing FiberHome Starrysky Communication DevelopmentNanjing FiberHome Starrysky CommunicationDevelopmentNetPosaDeepnet Vision (a subsidiary of Oriental Network, face recognition) SenseNetsYuntian Lifei Intellifusion
05-22

2020

Huawei "Autonomous Driving Network Solution White Paper"

News on May 21, recently, during the global analyst conference HAS 2020, Huawei released the "Autonomous Driving Network Solution White Paper" to the world, systematically explaining the future network architecture, operation and maintenance architecture and its key technologies, through network elements, networks and cloud The collaboration of the three-layer AI capability enables the network to move towards simplicity and ultra-broadband, and the operation and maintenance to move towards human-machine collaboration, providing practical reference for the digital transformation of operators and industry partners.Huawei autonomous driving network ADN target architectureLu Hongju, President of Huawei's Public Development Department, said: "The next ten years will be a golden decade for the booming development of the intelligent era. New technologies represented by 5G, cloud, and AI will give the core momentum of connected intelligence upgrades. Huawei calls on colleagues in the industry to join in Explore practice and build an autonomous network that is automatic, self-healing, and self-optimizing through data and knowledge drive, and seize the new opportunities given by the digital economy. "The white paper points out that building an autonomous driving network requires two major changes:First, transform from a "network element-centered" fragmented network construction model to a "service-centered" building block autonomous domain network construction model. Realize single-domain autonomy and real-time closed loop through integrated "management-control-analysis", balancing the cost and speed of intra-domain innovation and inter-domain collaboration;Second, the industry should work together to define the target architecture and programmable API standards for cross-domain open collaboration, greatly simplifying the complexity of cross-domain business collaboration and assurance, reducing research and operation costs and risks, simplifying integrated agile business, and reducing collaboration costs for the entire industry. .At the same time, the white paper recommends L4 level (highly autonomous driving network) as the phased goal of future architecture, which should have the following four characteristics: 1. Digitization of network knowledge and expert knowledge, moving from passive manual operation and maintenance to predictive intelligent operation and maintenance ; 2. Minimalist architecture network infrastructure, network elements move towards intelligence; 3. Hierarchical single-domain autonomy and cross-domain collaboration, the network moves towards online real-time closed loop; 4. Unified cloud AI training, knowledge management and operation and maintenance design The platform supports the iterative evolution of telecommunications networks.The white paper calls on the industry to achieve the ambitious goal of autonomous driving networks, which requires all parties in the industry to reach a consensus and jointly formulate unified standards and hierarchical evaluation systems based on the development generation, research generation, and exploration generation methods to form an efficient and collaborative industrial ecosystem and jointly promote industrial intelligence. Upgrade and healthy sustainability.
05-21

2020

Breaking news: Beidou navigation chips and modules have sold 100 million pieces

News on May 19 According to China Beidou Satellite Navigation System, on May 18, the China Satellite Navigation and Positioning Association released the "2020 China Satellite Navigation and Location Service Industry Development White Paper" in Beijing.The white paper shows that the overall output value of my country's satellite navigation and location services industry reached 345 billion yuan in 2019, an increase of 14.4% compared with 2018. Among them, the core output value of industries directly related to the research and development and application of satellite navigation technology was 116.6 billion yuan, accounting for 33.8% of the total output value.It is understood that in 2019, the deployment of the core constellation of the Beidou-3 global system was completed.In addition, the white paper shows that as of the end of 2019, the sales of domestic Beidou-compatible chips and modules have exceeded 100 million pieces, and the total sales of domestic satellite navigation and positioning terminal products have exceeded 460 million units, of which the sales volume of smartphones with satellite navigation and positioning functions has reached 372 million tower. At present, the total number of terminal products using Beidou-compatible chips, including smartphones, has exceeded 700 million units/set.As the basic function support of hardware, Beidou has a broad future market, including smart mobile devices, connected cars, wearable and IoT devices, etc. However, without excellent technology, low enough costs and a strong ecosystem, Beidou cannot easily Entering the civilian market.However, this white paper shows that Beidou has begun to gradually penetrate into the civilian market and has achieved results.It is reported that the current total sales of domestic satellite navigation and positioning terminal products has exceeded 460 million units, of which the sales volume of smartphones with satellite navigation and positioning functions has reached 372 million units. The total number of terminal products including smartphones using Beidou-compatible chips has exceeded 700 million units/set.Among them, chips launched by mainstream foreign chip manufacturers are already compatible with Beidou. In the third quarter of 2019, more than 400 mobile phone models applied for network access in the Chinese market, of which nearly 300 models support Beidou positioning.Regarding the layout of connected cars, the China Satellite Navigation and Positioning Association believes that with the application and popularization of the Beidou-3 satellite-based enhancement system, Beidou can act as a "clairvoyant" and be fully applied to scenarios such as smart cars, autonomous driving, and vehicle-road collaboration. middle.As for wearable devices, Beidou is targeting the high-precision market. It is reported that the solution it launched can greatly improve the positioning accuracy and positioning reliability of wearable devices, and combine with 5G to achieve sub-meter level positioning. In the future, it will be widely used in high-precision children's watches, bracelets for the elderly, pet trackers, walkie-talkies, mobile phones and other devices.
05-21

2020

Samsung expands production, showing advanced EUV process above 5nm

Beijing time on May 21, Samsung Electronics said on Thursday that the company's sixth domestic chip foundry production line has started construction and will produce logic chips. Samsung's move is aimed at reducing its dependence on the unstable memory chip field.Samsung is currently challenging stronger rival TSMC in the field of chip foundry, competing for orders from customers such as Qualcomm. The production line, located in Pyeongtaek, South Korea, will use extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV) technology to produce advanced 5-nanometer chips. Construction started earlier this month and production is scheduled to begin in the second half of next year.It is reported that the new production line has started construction at the beginning of this month and is expected to be fully put into production in the second half of 2021. Samsung aims to expand the latest process technology applications in numerous current and next-generation applications including 5G, high-performance computing (HPC) and artificial intelligence (AI).Dr. ES Jung, President and Head of Foundry Business, Samsung Electronics, said, "The new production line will expand Samsung's manufacturing capabilities below 5nm and enable us to quickly meet the growing demands of our customers for EUV-based solutions. In addition, we remain committed to Meeting customer needs through aggressive investment and talent acquisition. This will allow us to continue to break new ground while driving strong growth in Samsung's foundry business."After the first mass production of EUV-based 7nm process technology in early 2019, Samsung recently added a new EUV-dedicated production line in Hwaseong, South Korea, to expand its foundry network. With the new Pyeongtaek factory fully operational in 2021, Samsung's foundry capacity based on EUV technology is expected to increase significantly.Samsung plans to begin mass production of the 5nm EUV process at its Hwaseong plant in the second half of this year.As of now, together with the Pyeongtaek factory, Samsung has a total of 7 foundry production lines in South Korea and the United States, including 6 12-inch production lines and 1 8-inch production line.
05-21

2020

It’s about to get hot! High power ultrafast fiber laser

Ultrafast lasers with pulse durations in the femtosecond and picosecond range currently play an important role in many industrial manufacturing processes, the value of these lasers in high-quality, "cold processing", coupled with laser technology, process development, beam Advances in handling and delivery have opened the door to numerous advanced scientific and industrial applications.Now, state-of-the-art technology using tapered double-clad fiber (T-DCF) amplifiers offers the prospect of a high-power development in a space-efficient format with excellent beam characteristics and, most notably, at a production cost only less than that of ordinary Fiber high. This means that the cost per watt of these ultrafast lasers is increasingly important, enabling a rapid return on investment through increased processing speed and precision.The output power of rare-earth-doped fiber sources has risen dramatically over the past decade through the use of cladding-pumped fiber architectures such as the NKT Photonics aeroGAIN-ROD1, resulting in a range of fiber-optic devices with superior beam quality, overall efficiency, and operating Performance in terms of flexibility in wavelength and radiation format. Although new configurations such as the Amphos InnoSlab technology have also enabled significant advances in solid-state high-power ultrafast technology, the high cost of solid-state gain materials and thermal management challenges may still pose a significant barrier to their widespread adoption.The European Commission (EC) has funded the PULSE project to support the development of competitive technologies that enable faster, more precise and athermal laser manufacturing. Amplionyx Oy and a consortium of European partners including Fiat Chrysler are now developing a T-DCF laser that can deliver up to 2.5 kW of power with pulse durations as short as 100 fs and repetition rates up to 1 GHz. The complete laser processing system will use polygon scanner technology and fiber-integrated optics to process high-power ultrashort pulses at scanning speeds up to 1.5 km/s, thereby providing spots as small as 10 μm.The rise of high-power ultrafast fiber lasersUltrafast pulsed lasers have grown exponentially, with the number of patent applications filed increasing fivefold from about 100 to 500 per year. Femtosecond laser processing benefits many advanced niche applications, including in photonics, microelectronics, MEMS and many other markets.Fiber lasers, solid-state lasers, and disk lasers are the most promising candidates for generating high average power. Compared with solid-state and disk lasers, fiber lasers stand out for their compact size, robustness, high efficiency, easy thermal management, and reliable beam quality. Significantly reduced production and maintenance costs also make fiber-based approaches very attractive for the development of picosecond and femtosecond high repetition rate kilowatt-class lasers.Today's high average power fiber lasers typically employ chirped pulse amplification (CPA), however, in boosted fiber-based amplifiers, even for highly extended pulses, the optical peak intensity can become very high, producing detrimental non- Linear pulse distortion can even damage the gain medium or other optical components. Furthermore, in pulsed high-power systems, other nonlinear effects such as self-phase modulation, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), mode instability, and poor output beam quality often arise, limiting their performance.The main way to solve the problem of pulse signal amplification is to increase the core diameter of the optical fiber. Special active fibers with large modal areas were developed to increase the ratio of active fiber surface area to active volume, thereby improving heat dissipation and increasing the threshold of nonlinear effects for power scaling. State-of-the-art high-power fiber-based technologies have achieved >1 kW in a single pulse amplification channel2 and lay the foundation for future ultrashort multi-kilowatt fiber laser systems.Several active fibers with large effective mode area (LMA) have been developed to achieve high power scaling. They are well-known LMA fibers with low-pore cores, microstructured rod fibers, spiral cores or chiral coupled core fibers and T-DCF. The mode field diameter (MFD) obtained with these low-aperture technologies typically does not exceed 20–30 μm. Microstructured rod fibers have larger MFD up to 65 μm and perform well. Recently, a femtosecond master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) containing large pitch fiber (LPF) demonstrated an impressive pulse energy of 2.2 mJ. However, the fabrication of LPFs is very complex and requires extensive technical processing, such as precision drilling of fiber preforms, resulting in higher production costs. These fibers are also very sensitive to bending, which means that it may be difficult to achieve sufficient robustness, and it is difficult to envisage reasonable production costs using LPF.Overcoming nonlinear effects in fiber laser power scalingT-DCF is one of the promising alternatives to high-power fiber-based CPA systems, which can minimize nonlinear effects while simplifying the normal multi-stage amplification chain by replacing it with a single stage. T-DCF is a double-clad fiber formed using a special fiber drawing process in which the temperature and pulling force are controlled to create a taper along the length of the fiber, by using a pre-clad fiber preform, core and inner cladding and inner cladding Both the diameter and thickness of the layers vary along the entire length of the fiber.The result of forming a tapered geometry of a double-clad fiber is that light introduced into the thin end propagates in the wide core without changing the mode content. It is well known that sequentially increasing the diameter of multiple series of cylindrical fiber amplifiers generally increases the threshold of unwanted nonlinear effects, the T-DCF design incorporates this advantage in a single fiber, and as a result, the optical amplification increases by increasing the nonlinear effects (including Brillouin and Raman scattering) to maintain excellent beam quality.Due to its specific geometry, the T-DCF technique can be used to directly amplify a wide range of pulse signals: from short (tens of picoseconds) to long (up to hundreds of nanoseconds) and narrow (tens of picoseconds) picometers ( meters) to wide linewidths (tens of nanometers). According to the study, using a tapered fiber with a maximum end core diameter of 200 μm with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.11, peak power and energy amplification levels were recorded, and a 60 ps pulse with 300 μJ energy without nonlinear distortion was recorded.The fiber's double-clad structure means that its core can be pumped at higher powers than can be propagated in the core alone, compared to cylindrical fibers with similar levels of active ion doping, in tapered fibers The absorption and conversion of the pump light per unit length in is higher due to the improved cladding mode mixing and the higher absorption at the thicker end of the cone due to the thicker cladding, which also means that the rare earth ions Dopants can be efficiently concentrated at the broad end of the T-DCF because the geometry makes their presence proportional to the square of the diameter.T-DCF is simple to produce and compact to assembleOne of the biggest advantages of T-DCF is its simplicity of production. The preform production of special high-power fibers (microstructured rod fibers, 3C or LCF) involves complex technology and strict structural requirements, in contrast, T-DCF is made using standard fiber preforms. With a simple production technique that varies the drawing speed during the drawing process, which causes the fiber diameter to vary along its length, the production of T-DCF is almost as simple as that of conventional reactive fibers. The diameter of T-DCF fiber can be reduced to 35 cm, which allows high-power amplifiers to be packaged very compactly without loss of performance.
05-18

2020

The United States has taken another ruthless move and demanded that no semiconductor factories aroun

Yesterday, May 15, 2020, was the first anniversary of Huawei being included in the "Entity List" by the United States. The US government issued a "big move"!The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) under the U.S. Department of Commerce has announced a plan that it claims will limit Huawei's ability to use U.S. technology and software to design and manufacture its semiconductors abroad. The U.S. Department of Commerce believes that Huawei entrusts foundries with U.S. equipment to produce semiconductors, which undermines the purpose of the entity list. The new plan will make it impossible for Huawei to avoid U.S. export controls again, as long as it uses chips produced by U.S.-related technology and equipment. All require permission from the U.S. government.“Absurd!” “Shocked!” Many people working in the semiconductor industry describe their feelings this way.why? Because there is no chip in the world that can be produced without using American equipment or software technology.This means that no matter what kind of chips Huawei produces - whether it is mobile phone chips, artificial intelligence chips, base station chips, or server chips, whether the production process uses a 7nm process or a 5nm process, they will all be controlled by the United States. In other words, every chip produced by Huawei in the future will need to be approved by the U.S. government. This is really going to involve all the efforts of the U.S. technology community to kill Huawei!According to the content of the previous ban, Huawei will not be able to import products from overseas with US technology content higher than 25%. Later, there was news that this ratio would be reduced to 10%. However, the US has not yet reached an agreement on this ratio and has been wavering. . As a result, yesterday's ban directly skipped 10% and became 0.So why will the ban be further escalated?Based on the original restrictions, the United States thought that Huawei would not be able to import products with more than 25% of American technology content from overseas. However, what they did not expect was that the most critical TSMC foundry part actually successfully and legally compliantly avoided the 25%. limit. Therefore, there will be talk of reducing the 25% to 10% later. The industry has also demonstrated that even if the US technology content is reduced to 10%, it is very likely that some of TSMC's process technologies can still "fly at low altitude", and even TSMC's latest 7nm and 5nm processes may avoid the US. Regulation.Therefore, now the United States has simply taken action and directly requires all semiconductor factories that manufacture for Huawei to obtain approval from the U.S. government.This ban reveals a terrible signal - if the United States can use this extreme method to completely block Huawei today, then tomorrow, the United States can use the same method to block any Chinese technology company.Do you still remember the previously reported news that the United States has launched an unlimited traceability mechanism for domestic semiconductor foundries? At that time, some netizens expressed the same concern: If today the United States could require Chinese domestic companies engaged in military-civilian integration or supplying integrated circuits for military products, they should not use semiconductor equipment from listed manufacturers in the United States to manufacture military integrated circuits, and at the same time, there would be an "unlimited traceability" mechanism. It will take effect; then tomorrow, can the United States also require these companies not to use semiconductor equipment from listed manufacturers in the United States to produce all civilian chips?Faced with such a level of attack, China will certainly not sit still and wait for death!Recently, a reporter from the Global Times learned from Chinese government sources that if the United States finally implements the above-mentioned plan, China will fight back forcefully to safeguard its legitimate rights and interests.Specific countermeasures options available to China include the following: adding relevant U.S. companies to China’s “Unreliable Entity List” and targeting U.S. companies such as Qualcomm, Cisco, and Apple in accordance with laws and regulations such as the Cybersecurity Review Measures and the Anti-Monopoly Law. Enterprises have been restricted or investigated, and the purchase of Boeing aircraft has been suspended.Perhaps affected by this news, before the U.S. stock market opened on the 15th, the stock prices of the four U.S. companies mentioned above fluctuated violently. Qualcomm once fell by more than 7% within 2 hours, and Apple, Boeing, and Cisco all fell by more than 4%. At present, the stock price declines of the four companies have narrowed and rebounded.More news needs to be awaited by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.Finally, here is the full text of the article published by the U.S. Department of Commerce:"The Department of Commerce responds to Huawei's efforts to weaken the Entity List and restrict its use of products designed and produced with U.S. technology"The U.S. Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) today announced a new plan to protect U.S. national security by limiting Huawei’s ability to use U.S. technology and software to design and manufacture semiconductors overseas.The announcement cuts off Huawei's efforts to weaken U.S. export controls.BIS is revising its long-standing direct products rules and entity list produced abroad to narrowly and strategically target Huawei’s transactions to acquire semiconductors that are direct products of certain U.S. software and technology.Since BIS placed Huawei and its 114 overseas affiliates on the Entity List in 2019, companies wishing to export U.S. products must obtain a license. However, Huawei continues to use U.S. software and technology to design semiconductors and undermines the national security and foreign policy purposes of the Entity List by entrusting overseas foundries with U.S. equipment to produce semiconductors."Despite last year's Entity List action by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Huawei and its foreign affiliates have stepped up efforts to undermine these national security-based restrictions through localization efforts. However, such efforts still rely on U.S. technology ." said U.S. Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross.He believes: "This is not the behavior of a responsible global corporate citizen. We must modify the rules that are exploited by Huawei and HiSilicon and prevent American technology from triggering malign activities that are contrary to U.S. national security and foreign policy interests."Specifically, this targeted rule change will subject the following foreign products to the Export Administration Regulations (EAR):(1) Semiconductor designs and other products produced by Huawei and its affiliates (such as HiSilicon) on the Entity List are direct products of certain U.S. Commercial Control List (CCL) software and technologies;(2) Chipsets and other products produced according to the design specifications of Huawei and its affiliates (such as HiSilicon) on the Entity List are direct products of certain CCL semiconductor manufacturing equipment located outside the United States. Such products manufactured outside the United States require a license only if it is known that they will be re-exported, exported from abroad, or transferred domestically to Huawei or any of its affiliates on the Entity List.Some overseas foundries that use U.S. semiconductor manufacturing equipment have begun production according to the Huawei design specifications on May 15, 2020. In order to avoid direct adverse economic impacts on these chip foundries, such overseas-produced products will only be produced after the rules take effect. Re-exports, exports from abroad, or domestic transfers within 120 days of the date are not subject to these new licensing requirements.
05-13

2020

The United States launches an infinite traceability mechanism for semiconductors in Chinese factorie

Last night, the United States conducted an infinite retrospective on Chinese semiconductor companies engaged in national integration, but Chinese semiconductor companies have been operating in strict accordance with relevant industry rules. This incident has had a certain impact on the development of Chinese semiconductor companies. Since last year, the United States has restricted the development of my country's semiconductor technology and included Huawei in the US list. The development of domestic semiconductors has a long way to go.1. The United States implements unlimited traceability of semiconductorsOn the evening of May 12, U.S. semiconductor equipment manufacturers LAM (Lanlin Semiconductor), AMAT (Applied Materials) and other companies issued letters requesting Chinese companies engaged in military-civilian integration or supplying integrated circuits for military products, such as SMIC and Huawei Hong Semiconductor, etc., are not allowed to use the semiconductor equipment of the listed manufacturers in the United States to produce military integrated circuits, and at the same time, the "unlimited traceability" mechanism is in effect.This also means that U.S. semiconductor equipment purchased by Chinese wafer foundries such as SMIC and Hua Hong Semiconductor cannot be transferred to the military under any circumstances. At the same time, these equipment cannot be used to produce military integrated circuits for the military, even if they are produced It is some civilian integrated circuits that may be used for military purposes, and they cannot be used for military purposes, otherwise the consequences may be serious. There is an example of ZTE.The so-called unlimited traceability should mean that no matter whether SMIC, Hua Hong Semiconductor, etc. know about it or not, as long as the final product is used by the military, they will be held accountable. It is worth noting that on April 27, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced new restrictions on China’s exports, aiming to prevent Chinese, Russian and Venezuelan entities from obtaining materials for military use through or under the civilian supply chain. American technology is then applied to the military and military end users.The new regulations further expand the types of items requiring licenses, with semiconductors being a top priority. Although the United States has included a large number of Chinese entities, including Huawei, on the "Entity List" last year, restricting these entities from purchasing related products and technologies including American chips, but for those Chinese semiconductors that are not included in the Entity List, Manufacturers, they use American equipment or technology to produce civilian chips without restrictions.Now the United States believes that the Chinese military may apply some civilian technologies to military applications through military-civilian integration. Therefore, the U.S. Department of Commerce has upgraded export control measures to prevent this possibility.The current move by Lam Semiconductor and Applied Materials in the United States is to further implement the newly upgraded export control measures in the United States to prevent semiconductor production equipment from being used by the Chinese military.2. Domestic replacement chips have a long way to goLam Semiconductor was founded in 1980. Since then, it has become the world's fifth largest semiconductor equipment manufacturer through the acquisition of OnTrak Systems Inc., Bullen Semiconductor, SEZ AG Group and other semiconductor equipment manufacturers. The products mainly include etching equipment, thin film (Deposition-CVD/ECD/ALD) equipment, photoresist removal and cleaning (Strip&Clean), copper plating and other equipment. In 2017, the sales of etching equipment accounted for approximately 45% of the global market share, ranking first in the world. Among them, conductor etching accounted for more than 50% of the global market share, ranking first in the world; dielectric etching accounted for approximately more than 20% of the global market share. , second in the world. CVD accounts for about 20% of the global market, ranking third in the world.According to statistics from VLSI Research, global sales of semiconductor equipment systems and services in 2018 were US$81.1 billion. Among the top five equipment manufacturers, Applied Materials ranked first with a market share of 17.72%, and Lam Semiconductor ranked first with a market share of 13.4%. Four.The direction of the localization of semiconductors has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The word "stuck neck" more vividly let the market know the shortcomings of our technology. ZTE and Huawei were suppressed by the trade war, which completely pushed the localization of semiconductors to a climax. Therefore, there is no need to go into details about the localization of semiconductors here. The 0% in the figure below is a very eye-catching reminder to the market that the road to localization of semiconductors is still long and it will be a protracted war. Change.In recent years, China has made great progress in semiconductor design, packaging and testing and other fields. In the field of semiconductor equipment, domestic semiconductor equipment manufacturers such as North Huachuang and Zhongwei Semiconductor have achieved good results in the fields of thin film deposition equipment and etching machines, but there is still a big gap between domestic semiconductor equipment and foreign manufacturers as a whole. Domestic semiconductor manufacturing relies heavily on foreign semiconductor equipment.Against this background, it is completely impossible for China's wafer foundries to avoid the world's No. 1 and No. 4 semiconductor equipment giants.It is worth noting that in order to accelerate the production of 14nm, on January 24 this year, SMIC, the largest wafer foundry in China, issued an announcement announcing that the company had reached an agreement on commercial terms for 12 months from February 2019 to January 2020. During the month, a series of purchase orders were issued to Applied Materials for machinery and equipment for a total consideration of approximately US$620 million.Then on February 18, SMIC announced that the company issued a series of purchase orders to Lam Group for machines and equipment during the 12 months from March 12, 2019 to February 17, 2020, at a total cost of 6.01 billion U.S. dollars (about 4.2 billion yuan).3. The Trump administration wants chip factories to build factories in the United StatesTwo major chip manufacturers, Intel Corporation and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (TSMC) confirmed to Reuters on the 10th that the U.S. government is negotiating with a number of semiconductor companies to build chip foundries in the United States.The Fox Business News website of the United States, which has always been conservative in its stance, said that the new crown epidemic has deepened the concerns of American political and business people about global supply chain issues, and many people hope to reduce the United States' dependence on Asian supply sources in the core technology field of semiconductors.Intel spokesman William Moss confirmed to Reuters via email that day that the company was discussing with the U.S. Department of Defense to improve U.S. domestic supply sources for microelectronics and other related technologies.TSMC spokesman Gao Menghua issued a statement on the same day confirming that he is discussing with the US Department of Commerce about building a plant in the US, but no final decision has been made. We are actively evaluating all suitable locations, including the United States, but have no specific plans yet.American chipmakers have been reluctant to build factories in the United States in recent years due to high costs and short technology development cycles. However, chip manufacturers have recently become more willing to return to their home countries, mainly due to concerns about the vulnerability of Asian supply chains and the rising demand of the U.S. defense industry for the use of locally produced high-end chips.An influential Pentagon report last year pointed out that the U.S. digital industry is highly dependent on China and South Korea, especially Taiwan, which is extremely important to most of the largest and most important technology companies in the United States. The report recommends that the U.S. government adjust its policies to address the problem.According to the Fox Business News website, among dozens of semiconductor manufacturers in the United States, only Intel has the ability to produce chips of 10 nanometers and below. This chip is the fastest and consumes the least power. The other two manufacturers capable of producing chips of the same level are TSMC and Samsung. TSMC’s financial report last year showed that the company manufactures products for many American chip companies such as Qualcomm and Broadcom.The economic stimulus measures introduced by the U.S. government to ease the impact of the epidemic have also helped to push chip manufacturers back to their hometowns to a certain extent. People familiar with the matter disclosed that the U.S. government increasingly regards chip manufacturing as a key industry related to national security, and stimulus policies may be tilted towards the chip industry, which means that related companies will receive more financial support.
05-11

2020

Conductive paste is hot, so what are cobalt-free batteries? Can it be broken?

The market space of nearly 2.8 billion has also attracted competition from the capital market and industry giants. The next competition for lithium battery conductive materials will also be a game between industry giants.Carbon nanotube conductive slurries are accelerating to replace traditional conductive materials, and the industry structure is gradually becoming layered. A competition surrounding technology, capital, and production capacity has also begun.Data from the GGII Lithium Battery Research Institute (GGII) shows that domestic carbon nanotube conductive slurry shipments in 2019 were approximately 35,800 tons (converted based on 4% solid content), a year-on-year increase of 10%. GGII predicts that the market size of carbon nanotube conductive paste will exceed 70,000 tons in 2020.The market space of nearly 2.8 billion has also attracted competition from the capital market and industry giants. The next competition for lithium battery conductive materials will also be a game between industry giants.GGII research data shows that in 2019, the shipments of TOP 5 carbon nanotube conductive paste companies accounted for 92.8%. Tiannai Technology, Sanshun Nano (acquired by Cabot), Qingdao Haoxin and other enterprises are among them.Gaogong Lithium Battery has learned that in order to cooperate with the production capacity deployment of power battery giants, Tiannai Technology, Cabot, Qingdao Haoxin, and LG are currently planning to expand the production capacity of carbon nanotube powder/slurry.It is worth noting that as the market penetration rate of carbon nanotubes in the power battery field continues to increase, competition among industry giants will become more intense under the Matthew Effect.1. 2.8 billion new conductive paste market competitionAs one of the core raw materials of lithium batteries, carbon nanotube conductive agents are replacing traditional conductive agents at an accelerated rate because they can significantly improve the cycle life and rate performance of lithium batteries.Depending on the application scenarios, the material ratio of lithium batteries to composite conductive agents is also different. For example: the addition ratio of carbon nanotube powder to ternary power batteries is 1%, the addition ratio of lithium iron phosphate power and energy storage batteries is 1.5%, and the addition ratio of 3C, electric bicycles and power tools is 0.5%.Generally speaking, the dilution ratio of the conductive agent powder in the conductive paste is about 4%. And the price of carbon nanotube powder dominates the rise and fall of the overall price of carbon nanotube slurry.Data from the GGII Lithium Battery Research Institute (GGII) shows that driven by the power battery market, China’s lithium battery conductive agent powder shipments in 2019 were 8,278 tons, a year-on-year increase of 6.9%.Among them, the sales volume of conductive carbon black and conductive graphite in conventional conductive agents (excluding composite conductive agents) were 6,040 tons and 690 tons respectively, and the shipment volume of carbon nanotube powder conductive agents (including their composite conductive agents) was 1,432 tons, a year-on-year increase 10.2%, equivalent to 35,800 tons of carbon nanotube conductive paste (converted to 4% solid content), becoming the strongest growth segment in the conductive agent market.GGII predicts that in the next few years, China's new conductive agents, especially carbon nanotube conductive agents, will gradually replace traditional conductive agents. By 2020, the market size of carbon nanotube conductive slurries will exceed 70,000 tons.According to the current price of 38,000 to 41,000 yuan per ton of carbon nanotube conductive paste, the relevant market space is expected to reach 2.66 billion to 2.87 billion in 2020.Faced with a considerable market space, in recent years, the capital market and large domestic and foreign companies have also made frequent moves in the field of carbon nanotube conductive agents.Looking back at the major events in the past two years, Tiannai Technology was listed on the Science and Technology Innovation Board, Cabot acquired Sanshun Nano, Dow Technology acquired Qingdao Haoxin, and the penetration rate of carbon nanotube composite conductive slurry in the power battery field exceeded 50%, the leading enterprise market is rapidly gathering. In parallel with this development, there is also the expansion of the production capacity of carbon nanotube powder/slurry.As the market penetration rate of carbon nanotubes in the power battery field continues to increase, and global production capacity deployment is carried out to meet the needs of power battery giants, the competitive boundaries of leading carbon nanotube companies will continue to widen.But at the same time, as the power battery market concentrates on giant companies, the barriers to entry for supply chain companies are getting higher and higher. Based on the terminal's strict control over the supply chain, the carbon nanotube conductive slurry market will also be narrowed to a few In the hands of enterprises.2. Competition between battery giantsJudging from the market structure of carbon nanotube conductive paste, the situation of separatism has begun. According to GGII survey data, among the domestic shipments of carbon nanotube conductive paste in 2019, the shipments of TOP 5 companies accounted for 92.8%. These include Tiannai Technology, Sanshun Nano, Qingdao Haoxin, etc.Benefiting from the growth in demand for the power battery market, carbon nanotube shipments have shown rapid growth in recent years. From 2015 to 2019, domestic carbon nanotube shipments increased from 8,300 tons to 35,800 tons, and the growth trend is still maintained.Based on the market growth rate and the considerable market space, the capital market and large domestic and foreign enterprises have recently made frequent moves in the field of carbon nanotube conductive paste.In April this year, Cabot, the world's leading carbon black material leader, officially completed the acquisition of Sanshun Nano for a price of US$115 million (equivalent to about RMB 800 million), becoming the only company in the world that covers all mainstream lithium battery conductive materials.Gaogong Lithium Battery learned that Cabot Zhuhai Base started construction in May 2019, and the annual production capacity of lithium battery conductive materials in the first phase is planned to reach 10,000 tons.As the industry's top seller of carbon nanotube conductive agents in recent years, Tiannai Technology was successfully listed on the Science and Technology Innovation Board in July last year. Tiannai Technology's carbon nanotube conductive slurry production capacity in 2019 is 12,000 tons.In the IPO fundraising plan, Tiannai Technology raised 1.03 billion yuan to invest in three major projects related to carbon nanotube materials. This includes the expansion of production capacity with an annual output of 3,000 tons of carbon nanotubes and 8,000 tons of conductive paste.In 2019, Qingdao Haoxin's new conductive paste workshop was successfully completed and put into operation, and its production capacity has also moved from 10,000 tons/year to 20,000 tons/year.Recently, LG also intends to invest approximately 65 billion won (equivalent to RMB 380 million) to increase the carbon nanotube production capacity of its Yeosu plant in South Korea from 500 tons to 1,700 tons.It can be seen that the entry of giants, surging capital, production capacity expansion, and cost reduction have become the main theme of the carbon nanotube market at this stage. With the accelerated release of carbon nanotube production capacity, the market competition will become more and more fierce. .3. Hunan invests in building large cylindrical cobalt-free batteries, aiming to subvert the automotive battery market structureIn February of this year, the news that "Tesla will adopt Ningde era cobalt-free batteries" stirred up waves, stirring up fluctuations in the concept of cobalt and lithium iron phosphate in the securities market.In fact, the industry guessed that the cobalt-free battery is lithium iron phosphate. Since then, the domestic lithium iron phosphate battery has changed its name to "cobalt-free battery" and has been revived in China.In February 2020, when the Tesla news came out, Hunan Times was registered and established. Its business includes the research and development, manufacturing, sales and after-sales service of lithium-ion batteries and related products.Recently, Hunan Times United New Energy Co., Ltd. started construction of the "Lithium-ion Power and Energy Storage Battery Intelligent Industrialization Base". The project has a total investment of 1 billion yuan, of which the cumulative investment in fixed assets is 700 million yuan. The planned land area is 170 acres. The construction period 10 months. It is understood that after the construction of the project is completed, it will integrate the research and development, production and sales of battery cells and PACK, forming an annual production capacity of 4GWh lithium-ion batteries and achieving annual sales revenue of approximately 2.4 billion yuan.The core product of the project is the "60 series large cylindrical cobalt-free battery". According to OFweek Lithium Grid, compared with the 50 series cylindrical battery, the "60 series large cylindrical cobalt-free battery" retains the advantages of high consistency and high specific energy. It adopts new tab welding technology to achieve better battery rate performance, higher capacity, lower internal resistance, lower temperature rise, better high and low temperature performance, and higher safety.The products of this project adopt a wet water-based process. It is the first 15-channel lithium-ion battery production process in the world. Compared with more than 40 production processes in the industry, it greatly reduces human quality hazards and effectively improves the battery qualification rate. It independently develops a low-pressure safety valve to collect exhaust gas. The pressure reduction and explosion-proof functions are integrated, and the gas inside the battery can be discharged in time through the low-pressure safety valve, effectively solving the problem of traditional battery expansion and improving battery safety.Although the product looks good and the manufacturing process is advanced, we have to face the current market situation. The installed capacity of my country's new energy vehicle cylindrical batteries in 2018 was 7106.28MWh, and the installed capacity in 2019 was 4133.69MWh, with the market share shrinking to 6.65%. In addition, statistics show that the top ten leading companies such as Guoxuan Hi-Tech, Lishen Battery, and BAK Battery accounted for 96.5% of the market share in 2019.The data shows that the overall market share of cylindrical batteries in the domestic new energy vehicle field has been on a downward trend in recent years, and the industry head concentration effect is obvious. So, is it a wise choice for Hunan Times to enter the lithium iron phosphate battery market at this time? Will it have a place in the future?
05-11

2020

Domestic products should be self-reliant! China Telecom favors domestic CPU servers

A few days ago, China Telecom started the 2020 server centralized procurement qualification pre-qualification, and the estimated centralized procurement scale is 56,314 units. The announcement shows that this centralized procurement is divided into 8 bid packages, totaling 56,314 units. Among them, the I series refers to servers whose CPU type uses the second-generation Intel Xeon Scalable processor Gold series or Silver series chips; the A series refers to the CPU type that uses the second-generation AMDEPYC7002 series processor.In addition, it is worth noting that this centralized procurement separately lists H-series nationally produced servers containing Huawei Kunpeng 920 chips or Haiguang HYGONDhyana series processors. This is the first time that nationally produced servers have been separately included in the bidding catalog.In terms of quantity, the number of H-series server collections is 11,185, accounting for nearly 20%. It is understood that the Kunpeng 920 processor is a high-performance data center processor released by Huawei in January 2019. It is independently developed and designed by Huawei based on the ARM architecture and is designed to meet the needs of diverse computing and green computing in data centers. Haiguang HYGONDhyana processor was developed by a joint venture established by AMD and Tianjin Haiguang (Tianjin Haiguang holds 51% of the equity). It is a customized processor specifically for the domestic server market. Production started in 2018.It can be seen that the industrial chain of H-series domestic servers has just been formed. In the short term, it will not be able to compete with the Intel It has been applied and tested in a variety of scenarios.At present, my country's independent and controllable industrial chain can be roughly divided into three categories: basic software (operating system, database, middleware), basic hardware (CPU, server, storage, network equipment), and application software (enterprise services). The servers purchased by China Telecom this time belong to one of these categories. Being able to be applied in the live network is the first step to realize self-controllability.In this centralized procurement, the H series involves two server chips, namely the Huawei Kunpeng 920 chip and the Haiguang HYGOND hyanax86 chip. It should be pointed out that to be able to enter China Telecom's centralized procurement catalog, it must have withstood the operator's rigorous all-round testing and meet the needs of various application scenarios.It is understood that Huawei Kunpeng is based on a series of chips. The Huawei Kunpeng ecosystem includes independently controllable PCs, servers, storage, operating systems, middleware, virtualization, databases, cloud services, etc. At the same time, Haiguang's domestic x86 processor has completed technology iteration. Currently, Haiguang has completed technology absorption and is starting technology iteration. It is expected that 14nm Haiguang 2 will start mass production at TSMC and Samsung in the second half of this year, and 7nm will be trialled by the end of 20.This time, China Telecom included domestic servers separately in the bidding catalog, and the focus is also to cultivate domestic independent and controllable industrial chains. On the one hand, China Telecom has a very rich server application scenario, which can be seen from the content of centralized procurement, including computing type, big data type, distributed storage type, NFV type, GPU type, etc., which can provide services for the domestic server industry chain. Quite a lot of "experience places".On the other hand, in recent years, at the technological level, companies such as ZTE and Huawei have been frequently suppressed by Western countries, and self-control has become an important task. China Telecom is a central enterprise, and the title "central enterprise" means responsibility, because central enterprises bear political responsibilities, economic responsibilities, social responsibilities and corporate development responsibilities. Therefore, it is necessary for central enterprises to set an example to cultivate domestic independent and controllable industrial chains.Of course, we can also see that China Telecom is currently cultivating a domestic independent and controllable industrial chain in the most cautious way. It is undisputed that Intel server chips based on x86 architecture are still the mainstream choice for current server machines, and the cultivation of the industry chain is not achieved overnight, but is a step-by-step process. On the premise of ensuring the stable operation of the current system, actively introducing fresh domestic blood is the most reasonable choice.
05-10

2020

During the current epidemic, Apple Watch sales are rising instead of falling!

Sales of Apple smartwatches continue to climb amid the pandemic, more than three times that of its competitors, according to a new report from research firm Strategy Analytics. Apple ranks third with 55% share of the smartwatch market, followed by Samsung with 14% and Garmin with 8%.The report said that overall Apple smartwatch shipments increased by 20% from last year, reaching 13.7 million units in the first quarter of 2020. Growing shipment volumes are driven by online orders."Smartwatches are selling well through online retail channels, and many consumers have been using smartwatches to monitor their health during virus lockdowns," senior analyst Stephen Walzer said in a statement.Strategy Analytics reports that Apple sold 7.6 million smartwatches at its peak annual sales. In 2019, Apple’s smartwatch also occupied the top spot with a market share of 54%.Analysts expect smartwatch shipments to slow in the second quarter, with retailers in Europe and the United States largely closed, but once quarantine measures are eased and consumers regain confidence, smartwatch shipments will grow, the report said. increase again.The smartwatch news contrasts with smartphone sales, which took an unprecedented hit in the first few months of the year.According to International Data Corp., the global smartphone market fell 11.7% year-on-year in the first quarter of 2020 when China entered lockdown.As supply chains in China returned to normal, the rest of the world, including the United States, was hit hard by the outbreak, leading to a drop in demand.
05-07

2020

The Humen Bridge suddenly shakes in a "wave-like" way, and it's time for the Internet

On the afternoon of May 5, at the peak of the return trip from the May Day holiday, the suspension bridge deck of the Humen Bridge suddenly experienced abnormal "wave-like" shaking, with a relatively obvious amplitude, causing discomfort to driving. After the incident occurred, many netizens reported, “I felt like a flat tire while driving on the Humen Bridge”, “I felt like the bridge was undulating, like riding on a boat, and I felt a bit seasick”, “The shaking of the Humen Bridge made people dizzy. ,horrible"……Subsequently, the Humen Bridge Company issued a notice announcing that from 15:20 on May 5, 2020, the Humen Bridge will be fully closed to traffic control. At the same time, in order to ensure the safety of passing ships, the Guangdong Maritime Safety Administration and the Guangdong Provincial Department of Transportation have agreed to implement temporary water traffic control at 18:15 on May 5, and from 19:00, the navigable waters near the Humen Bridge will be closed to navigation.1. Introduction to Humen BridgeThe Humen Bridge is China's first large-scale suspension bridge. Its main channel span is 888 meters and is known as "China's First Span". The bridge structure is similar to the Parrot Island Yangtze River Bridge. As a key thoroughfare in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the Humen Bridge has played an important role in the interconnection and economic prosperity and development of cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area since its opening to traffic 23 years ago. At the same time, the continuous growth of traffic volume has also caused the traffic artery to be overwhelmed. It is understood that the traffic volume of the Humen Bridge has increased from an average of 18,400 standard vehicle trips per day when it was completed in 1997 to a maximum daily average of 170,000 standard vehicle trips, far exceeding the design standard of 80,000 standard vehicle trips per day, with a saturation level of 2.1.After the bridge vibration occurred, domestic experts in related fields rushed to the site to conduct investigations and gave the most credible statement so far. It was initially determined that the vibration of the Humen Bridge was mainly due to the continuous installation of water horses (retaining walls) along the bridge span guardrail. ), destroying the cross-section streamline of the bridge, and under the specific wind environment conditions, the vortex vibration phenomenon of the bridge is generated.The bridge professionals of the Humen Bridge immediately responded that the main structure of the Humen Bridge has not been damaged at present. At the same time, experts said that it is normal for the bridge to sway when encountering special wind conditions. Generally, the bridge deck will sway significantly when encountering vortex winds.2. Causes of bridge vortex vibrationXinhua News Agency reported that domestic experts in bridge-related fields also rushed to the site for inspection as soon as possible. 12 well-known domestic bridge experts held a meeting overnight to make judgments and gave authoritative answers:The main reason for the vibration of the suspension bridge of Humen Bridge is that water horses (retaining walls) are continuously installed along the guardrail of the bridge span, which changes the aerodynamic shape of the steel box girder and produces bridge vortex vibration under specific wind environment conditions.Large-span suspension bridges have vortex vibrations at low wind speeds. The vibration amplitude is small and difficult to detect. Large amplitudes will only occur under special conditions. It will not affect the safety of the bridge structure, but will affect the driving experience and comfort. , easily lead to traffic safety accidents.According to the existing data and observed phenomenon analysis of the Humen Bridge, the "jitter" of the Humen Bridge suspension bridge did not damage the main structure of the bridge, nor will it affect the structural safety and security of the subsequent use of the Humen Bridge suspension bridge. Durability.However, although the "shaking of the Humen Bridge" was a false alarm, it also sounded the alarm for us. In recent years, bridge collapse incidents have emerged one after another, posing a huge threat to people's lives and property, and causing many tragedies of family fragmentation.The most famous example of bridge collapse due to external force is the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in 1940, which was also a suspension bridge, but it was suddenly destroyed by a breeze 4 months after it was opened to traffic. Back in China, a similar phenomenon occurred on the Yingwuzhou Bridge on the Yangtze River not long ago. It is very important to study the influence of wind force on bridges, so it is necessary to understand why bridges sway under the action of wind force.The plane of the bridge is in the same direction as the wind. When the wind speed is not high, there will be no vibration. The reason for the vibration is that the wind speed increases, and cyclones will be generated on the plane of the bridge. These cyclones are distributed on the left and right sides of the bridge, which will cause vibration. The frequency is not synchronized with the bridge, causing the bridge to vibrate. This is the phenomenon of bridge vortex vibration, and its principle is caused by Karman vortex street.Teachers from Dongguan University of Technology have specially conducted this Karman vortex street experiment. The experimental process is to use a piece of paper under the hair dryer. When the wind speed is relatively small, the paper will not sway. When the wind speed of the hair dryer is increased, the tail of the paper strip will swing. Although there are errors in the experiment, it can well explain the reason why the bridge swings under the action of strong wind.3. Application of Internet of Things in bridge monitoringIn recent years, a series of bridge damage and even collapse accidents have reminded us that we must attach great importance to the health inspection and safety assessment of bridges, as well as the damage detection and monitoring of dangerous bridges, and strive to eliminate hidden dangers. Therefore, it is of great significance to monitor and evaluate the health status of bridges and master their health status. Bridge structure monitoring has also become the main technical means for bridge structure safety maintenance and normal use.Obviously, it is impossible to rely on manpower alone in the monitoring process, not to mention time-consuming, labor-intensive and expensive costs, and it is impossible to achieve real-time monitoring. Therefore, the Internet of Things technology has become an indispensable and important link in the remote bridge structural health monitoring.In the mid-to-late 1980s, the United States began to deploy sensors on some bridges to detect various basic parameters of bridges such as environment, load, vibration, and local stress, trying to find some mechanical laws through data analysis.A total of more than 500 sensors are installed on the Sunshine Skyway Bridge in the United States. These sensors are mainly used to collect displacement, strain and temperature changes in various stages of bridge construction and operation. Finally, people can use this information to find out the bridge structure and bridge body. Material, changes over time.In China, Humen Bridge, Xupu Bridge, Jiangyin Yangtze River Bridge and other bridges are in the construction stage. Engineers have installed sensors on the bridge body. These sensors can monitor various indicators and parameters of the bridge body in real time.The Tsing Ma Bridge, Kap Shui Mun Bridge and Ting Kau Bridge in Hong Kong also installed the largest real-time safety monitoring system in the world at that time. The system included 900 various sensors, 9 computer-controlled information collection systems, and 2 computer workstations responsible for information processing and analysis systems.According to the paper, the monitoring system of Humen Bridge has added monitoring systems such as GPS displacement, real-time strain, long-term deformation, and over-limit and overloading. Through the functions of these systems, the force and working status of the bridge under various conditions, as well as wind resistance and Seismic and other structural parameters to realize the safety monitoring of bridges.Judging from the performance of the Humen Bridge monitoring system, the future market of the infrastructure monitoring system integrated into the Internet of Things will accelerate expansion. According to data, China currently operates 129,000 kilometers of railways and 200,000 bridges; the total mileage of highways is 142,600 kilometers and 825,500 bridges; there are more than 20,000 hydropower stations, more than 200 airports and other large public infrastructure. In these large infrastructures, not all facilities have a complete safety monitoring system. At the same time, with the support of new infrastructure, the demand and market for related monitoring systems will only increase significantly.4. Solution scenarios of IoT in bridge inspectionAs mentioned in the above article, heavy and overloaded driving and special weather will have an impact on the bridge itself. In addition, unreasonable design and construction, natural disasters, diseases of the bridge itself, and other activities may cause the bridge to collapse. Tragedy occurs.There is great potential for integrating the "power" of new infrastructure into old infrastructure and using the capabilities of the Internet of Things and other technologies to ensure the security of "old infrastructure". For example, the problems faced by traditional bridges such as labor costs, knowledge reserves, and real-time monitoring will be solved by adding a few ordinary sensors, deploying and utilizing NB-IoT and 4G networks for information transmission. It is also possible to put an end to the imagination that "the Nanfang'ao Bridge has not been independently monitored for 21 years".Scenario 1: Dealing with overloading of trucksInstall road pressure sensors at both ends of the viaduct, identify vehicle load and type through the Internet of Things, and connect with cameras to obtain license plate information of illegal vehicles. While performing hierarchical real-time alarms, the overall road load can also be counted.Case: At present, the intelligent management platform of transportation facilities has been put into trial operation in Shanghai. In the future, once an overloaded freight truck illegally drives onto a viaduct, the coil embedded on the bridge will automatically sense the slight change in force and simultaneously alert the intelligent management platform. According to relevant engineering and technical experts, in the past, most of the monitoring of heavy vehicles on viaducts was manual observation. In the future, sensors with signal transmitting functions can be implanted in the road to monitor the load and operating status of each facility in real time. Once a truck exceeding the load of the bridge appears, the sensor can sense it in time and automatically alarm the monitoring platform. The staff will report the information, and law enforcement will deal with the illegal truck in a timely manner. At present, this technology has been put into trial operation in Songjiang Chenta Bridge.Scenario 2: Daily monitoring of bridge healthSeveral different types of sensing devices are implanted in the bridge, and a collection node/gateway and a real-time monitoring platform are set up. Technologies such as low-power wide area networks are used to wirelessly transmit monitoring data and send the data to the collection node, and then transmit the data to the platform layer. Carry out storage, processing and analysis, and take timely countermeasures based on the analysis results. For example, when the ultimate bearing capacity of the bridge is severely lost, consider dismantling it.Case: In Wuhan, technicians from the China Railway Bridge Research Institute installed 1,929 sensors of 15 types on 42 bridges, and a total of 3,053 sets of hardware equipment of 25 categories. Technicians will use these sensors and hardware equipment to monitor the bridge's structural safety (i.e. strain, cracks, displacement, deflection, inclination, temperature and humidity), vehicle load (i.e. vehicle type, vehicle speed, vehicle weight, axle load, vehicle length), single column Key parameters such as pier ramp overturning and slippage (ie strain, displacement, inclination angle), settlement and bridge deck alignment (ie deflection, GPS) are monitored. Various monitoring data such as the bridge's structural condition, foundation settlement, vehicle monitoring and snapshots will be stored in the cloud computing data center server in real time through the Internet, thereby realizing "one bridge, one file" electronic household registration management.Secondly, technicians will also go to the site to inspect the appearance of the bridge, and upload the inspection results through the mobile APP. Managers or technicians at all levels can log in and access through any computer browser or mobile APP to understand the health status of these 42 bridges in real time, which will help technicians handle emergencies in a timely manner, repair diseased bridges in a timely manner, and ensure Bridge operation safety.In addition, the "smart bridge" system can also automatically generate maintenance recommendations, and provide a basis for subsequent tracing and claims by consulting surveillance videos and detection data in the system.Scenario 3: Monitoring the structureThis is actually reflected in the inspection of the Humen Bridge, the first large-scale suspension bridge in China. According to data, at the beginning of the design of the Humen Bridge, GPS displacement, real-time strain, long-term deformation, overload and other detection systems were added to obtain real-time information on the bridge's stress capacity, status parameters, seismic performance and other information under various conditions. , to ensure the safety of the bridge.Of course, IoT technology is not only applied to bridges. China is currently in the midst of a wave of large-scale infrastructure construction, and various structures such as tunnels, buildings, and tracks have begun to enter the long-term operation stage. The early design and construction cannot determine whether the structure is operating normally. A more real-time and faster method will be needed to conduct comprehensive and refined monitoring of the operating status, especially for old structures that have been in service for many years.Haokun Technology, which focuses on the field of structural monitoring of the Internet of Things, once summarized the market status of structural monitoring:The low-power wide-area network represented by LoRa has the characteristics of ultra-low power consumption, wider coverage, super-large connection, low cost, and high penetration, which can not only meet the requirements of large connections and high penetration of different structures in various complex environments We can provide sophisticated monitoring solutions to meet the monitoring needs of such companies, such as the following four advantages:(1) High penetration, long distance, low power consumptionIt can be seen from the above figure that LoRa's link budget of up to 157db makes its communication distance up to 15 kilometers, and its penetration is extremely strong. Its receiving current is only 10mA, and its sleep current is 200nA, which greatly improves the service life of the battery. The characteristics of high penetrability and long-distance transmission solve the problem of internal vibration monitoring signals in bridges, tunnels, etc. becoming weaker after penetrating multi-layer concrete structures or rock walls. The low power consumption feature not only improves the stability of the equipment's continuous and long-term safety monitoring, but also reduces the number of equipment maintenance and structural inspections, thereby improving safety efficiency and reducing labor costs.(2) Intelligent gateways based on this technology support parallel processing of multiple channels and multiple data rates, and have large system capacity.The gateway is the bridge between the node and the IP network. Each gateway can handle 5 million communications between nodes every day (assuming 10 Bytes are sent each time and the network occupancy is 10%). If the gateway is installed at the location of an existing mobile communication base station with a transmitting power of 20dBm (100mW), it can cover about 2 kilometers in a densely built urban environment, and in lower-density suburbs, the coverage can reach 10 kilometers. This wide range of coverage is particularly important for long-distance, multi-node monitoring such as tunnels and bridges.(3) Systems based on terminals and gateways can support ranging and positioningLoRa's distance measurement is based on the air transmission time of the signal rather than the traditional RSSI (Received Signal Sterngth Ind-ication), while positioning is based on the measurement of the air transmission time difference between multiple points (gateways) and one point (node). Its positioning accuracy can reach 5m (assuming a range of 10km). This ensures the accuracy of monitoring data.(4) Low cost and easy to deployLoRa is a technology based on unlicensed spectrum, with low infrastructure and node (terminal) deployment costs, which can reduce a lot of costs for large-scale structural monitoring applications. LoRa network technology can meet the needs of industry customers to adjust the details of their agreements, and can quickly help customers build local area networks at low cost to achieve business operations. At the same time, it can not only adapt to the needs of decentralized applications, but also well meet the needs of industry applications.The "shaking" of the suspension bridge of the Humen Bridge is not untimely. This year has been particularly eventful, and a series of events have made us gradually realize the importance of technology. This time the Humen Bridge's "tiger body shook" has once again sounded the alarm for us. Under the background of the new infrastructure construction in full swing, we hope that the integration of new and old infrastructure will bring us a safer, more convenient, economical and efficient life experience, and less Some people are afraid of such events.5. The structural monitoring market emerged as the times require.Not just bridges, as the wave of large-scale infrastructure construction in China gradually subsides, various structures such as tunnels, buildings, and tracks have begun to enter the long-term operation stage. However, under the loading of various natural uncertain external forces and the needs of economic development, overload fatigue operation phenomena of various structures are common.China's structural monitoring market has just started. Combined with the development of the Internet of Things and smart cities, it will generate a market share of billions in the next five years. At the same time, as existing buildings gradually age, the market will become larger and larger. Since the life cycle of sensors is generally about 8 years, it is also an infinite cycle market. If new buildings adopt IoT structural monitoring solutions during the construction phase, the entire market will undoubtedly expand a lot.According to statistics, as of 2015, there are more than 700,000 large and small bridges, more than 8,000 tunnels (total length of more than 4,000 kilometers), a total length of subways of more than 3,000 kilometers, thousands of large stadiums, old buildings, and high-rise buildings. Huge, there will be a demand for real-time online monitoring and early warning in the future.

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